UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
SCHEDULE 14A
Proxy Statement Pursuant to Section 14(a) of
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (Amendment No. )
Filed by the Registrant | |||
Filed by a Party other than the Registrant | |||
Check the appropriate box: | |||
Preliminary Proxy Statement | |||
Confidential, for Use of the Commission Only (as permitted by Rule 14a-6(e)(2)) | |||
Definitive Proxy Statement | |||
Definitive Additional Materials | |||
Soliciting Material under §240.14a-12 | |||
Fidelity National Financial, Inc. | |||
(Name of Registrant as Specified In Its Charter) | |||
(Name of Person(s) Filing Proxy Statement, if other than the Registrant) | |||
Payment of Filing Fee (Check the appropriate box): | |||
No fee required. | |||
Fee paid previously with preliminary materials. | |||
Fee computed on table in exhibit required by Item 25(b) per Exchange Act Rules 14a6(i)(1) and 0-11 | |||
FIDELITY NATIONAL FINANCIAL, INC. 601 RIVERSIDE AVENUE JACKSONVILLE, FLORIDA 32204
Dear Shareholder: On behalf of the board of directors, I cordially invite you to attend the annual meeting of the shareholders of Fidelity National Financial, The Notice of Annual Meeting and Proxy Statement contain more information about the annual meeting, including who can vote and the different methods you can use to vote, including the telephone, Internet and traditional paper proxy card. Whether or not you plan to attend the virtual annual meeting, please vote by one of the outlined methods to ensure that your shares are represented and voted in accordance with your wishes.
We are proud to have a dynamic, effective and diverse board of directors with the right mix of skills, experiences and backgrounds at FNF. On behalf of the board of directors, I thank you for your support. Sincerely,
Michael J. Nolan Chief Executive Officer |
NOTICE OF ANNUAL
MEETING OF SHAREHOLDERS
To the Shareholders of Fidelity National Financial, Inc.:
Notice is hereby given that the 20222024 Annual Meeting of Shareholders of Fidelity National Financial, Inc. will be held via live webcast on June 15, 202212, 2024, at 10:00 a.m., Eastern Time. The meeting can be accessed by visiting www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/FNF2022 FNF2024 and using your 16-digit control number, where you will be able to listen to the meeting live and vote online. We encourage you to allow ample time for online check-in, which will open at 9:45 a.m. Eastern Time. Please note that there will not be a physical location for the 20222024 Annual Meeting and that you will only be able to attend the meeting by means of remote communication. We designed the format of our virtual annual meeting to ensure that our shareholders who attend the virtual annual meeting will have the same rights and opportunities to participate as they would at an in-person meeting, including the ability to submit questions.
The meeting is being held in order to:
1. | Elect |
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3. | Approve a non-binding advisory resolution on the compensation paid to our named executive | |
4. | Ratify the appointment of Ernst & Young LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm for the |
At the meeting, we will also transact such other business as may properly come before the meeting or any postponement or adjournment thereof.
The board of directors set April 18, 202215, 2024 as the record date for the meeting. This means that owners of FNF’s common stock at the close of business on that date are entitled to:
• | Receive notice of the meeting; and |
• | Vote at the meeting and any adjournments or postponements of the meeting. |
All shareholders are cordially invited to attend the virtual annual meeting. Please read these proxy materials and cast your vote on the matters that will be presented at the annual meeting.
You may vote your shares through the Internet, by telephone, or by mailing your proxy card. Instructions for our registered shareholders are described under the question “How do I vote?” on page 3 of the proxy statement.
Sincerely,
Michael L. Gravelle
Corporate Secretary
Jacksonville, Florida
April [ ], 2024
May 6, 2022
PLEASE COMPLETE, DATE AND SIGN YOUR PROXY AND MAIL IT PROMPTLY IN AN ENVELOPE (OR VOTE VIA TELEPHONE OR INTERNET) TO ASSURE REPRESENTATION OF YOUR SHARES.
IMPORTANT NOTICE REGARDING THE AVAILABILITY OF PROXY MATERIALS FOR THE 20222024 ANNUAL MEETING OF SHAREHOLDERS TO BE HELD ON JUNE 15, 2022:12, 2024: The Company’s Proxy Statement for the 20222024 Annual Meeting of Shareholders and the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 20212023 are available at www.proxyvote.com.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PROXY STATEMENT
The proxy is solicited by the board of directors, or the board, of Fidelity National Financial, Inc., or FNFor the Company, for use at the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on June 15, 202212, 2024 at 10:00 a.m., Eastern Time, or at any postponement or adjournment thereof, for the purposes set forth herein and in the accompanying Notice of Annual Meeting of Shareholders. The annual meeting will be held virtually at www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/FNF2022FNF2024.
It is anticipated that such proxy, together with this proxy statement, will first be mailed on or about May 6, 2022April [ ], 2024 to all shareholders entitled to vote at the meeting.
The Company’s principal executive offices are located at 601 Riverside Avenue, Jacksonville, Florida 32204, and its telephone number at that address is (904) 854-8100.
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This proxy statement includes forward-looking statements. These statements are not historical facts, but instead represent only our beliefs regarding future events, many of which, by their nature, are inherently uncertain and outside of our control. Forward-looking statements include statements about our business and future performance.performance, as well as ESG targets, goals, and commitments outlined in this proxy statement or elsewhere. These statements can be identified by words such as “anticipates,” “intends,” “plans,” “seeks,” “believes,” “estimates,” “expects” and similar references to future periods, or by the inclusion of forecasts or projections. We caution readers not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made, and we undertake no obligation to update publicly or otherwise revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or other factors, except where we are expressly required to do so by law. For a discussion of some of the risks and important factors that could affect our future results and financial condition, see “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.2023.
GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE COMPANY
We are a leading provider of (i) title insurance, escrow and other title-related services, including trust activities, trustee sales guarantees, recordings and reconveyances and home warranty products and (ii) transaction services to the real estate and mortgage industries. FNF is one of the nation’s largest title insurance companies operating through its title insurance underwriters –- Fidelity National Title Insurance Company, Chicago Title Insurance Company, Commonwealth Land Title Insurance Company, Alamo Title Insurance and National Title Insurance of New York Inc. –- which collectively issue more title insurance policies than any other title company in the United States. Through our subsidiary ServiceLink Holdings, LLC ((ServiceLink)ServiceLink), we provide mortgage transaction services including title-related services and facilitation of production and management of mortgage loans.
We are also a leading provider of insurance solutions serving retail annuity and life customers and institutional clients through our wholly-ownedmajority-owned subsidiary, F&G Annuities & Life, Inc. ((F&G). For more than 60 years, F&G has helped middle-income Americans prepare for retirement).
On December 1, 2022, we completed our previously announced separation and for their loved ones’ financial security. We partner with leading independent marketing organizations and their agents to serve the needs of the middle-income market and develop competitive products to align with their evolving needs. As of December 31, 2021, F&G has approximately 576,000 policyholders who count on the safety and protection features our fixed annuity and life insurance products provide.
On March 14, 2022, our board of directors approved a dividenddistribution to our shareholders, on a pro rata basis, of approximately 15% of the common stock of F&G. FNF will retain&G (the F&G Distribution). Following the F&G Distribution, we retained control of F&G through anour approximate 85% ownership stake and remains committed to its growth and long-term success. We believe thatstake. The F&G Distribution was accomplished by the public listingdistribution of 68 shares of common
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stock, par value $0.001 per share, of F&G for every 1,000 shares throughof our common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, as a dividend to FNF shareholders will unlockeach holder of shares of our common stock as of the valueclose of both industry leading businesses. The separationbusiness on November 22, 2022, the record date for the F&G Distribution.
As a result of the F&G Distribution, F&G is intendeda separate, publicly traded company and its businesses, assets and liabilities consist of those related to be structuredF&G’s business as a taxable dividendprovider of insurance solutions serving retail annuity and life customers and institutional clients. Through F&G’s insurance subsidiaries, including Fidelity & Guaranty Life Insurance Company and Fidelity & Guaranty Life Insurance Company of New York, F&G intends to FNF shareholderscontinue to market a broad portfolio of deferred annuities (including fixed indexed annuities and is targeted to be completed inmulti-year guarantee annuities or other fixed rate annuities), immediate annuities, indexed universal life insurance, funding agreements (through funding agreement-backed notes issuances and the third quarterFederal Home Loan Bank of 2022.Atlanta) and pension risk transfer solutions. All of FNF’s core title insurance, real estate, technology and mortgage related businesses, assets and liabilities that are not held by F&G remain with FNF.
FNF has a long history of delivering consistent, industry-leading operating results, driven by a steadfast focus on our customers and investment returnsshareholders, a culture of employee excellence, and an ability to our shareholders.deliver outstanding performance even in a challenging market environment. FNF continued to outperform the industry in 2021 as we generated $15.9$11.4 billion of total revenue (excluding $253$388 million of noncash, valuation losses on investment securities) and $2.4 billion$518 million of net earnings from continuing operations, driven byin 2023. Our strong performance despite the most challenging mortgage origination activity as well as F&G’s sales boosting asset growth.market in more than three decades is a testament to our experienced leadership team, strong balance sheet, and diversified business model.
Our consistent operating results have translated to strong returns for our shareholders. This includes a return ofWe also remain focused on deploying capital to best maximize shareholder value through investments in our business and returning capital to our shareholders. During the five-year period from January 1, 2019 through December 31, 2023, we returned approximately $1.2$2.2 billion during this three-year period to our shareholders in the form of cash dividends during the three-year period from January 1, 2019and approximately $1.3 billion through December 31, 2021.share repurchases.
GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE VIRTUAL ANNUAL MEETING
Your shares can be voted at the virtual annual meeting only if you vote by proxy or if you are present and vote at the meeting. Even if you expect to attend the virtual annual meeting, please vote by proxy to assure that your shares will be represented.
WHY DID I RECEIVE THIS PROXY STATEMENT?
The board is soliciting your proxy to vote at the virtual annual meeting because you were a holder of our common stock at the close of business on April 18, 2022,15, 2024, which we refer to as the rrecordecord date, and therefore you are entitled to vote at the annual meeting. This proxy statement contains information about the matters to be voted on at the annual meeting, and the voting process, as well as information about the Company’s directors and executive officers.
WHO IS ENTITLED TO VOTE?
All record holders of our common stock as of the close of business on April 18, 202215, 2024 are entitled to vote. As of the close of business on that day, 280,700,591[ ] shares of our common stock were issued and
Fidelity National Financial, Inc. | 2 | |
outstanding and eligible to vote. Each share is entitled to one vote on each matter presented at the virtual annual meeting.
If you hold your shares of FNF common stock through a broker, bank or other holder of record, you are considered a “beneficial owner” of shares held in street name. As the beneficial owner, you have the right to direct your broker, bank or other holder of record on how to vote your shares by using the voting instruction form included in the mailing or by following their instructions for voting via the Internet or by telephone.
WHAT SHARES ARE COVERED BY THE PROXY CARD?
The proxy card covers all shares of FNF common stock held by you of record (i.e., shares registered in your name) and any shares of FNF common stock held for your benefit in our 401(k) plan.
HOW DO I VOTE?
You may vote using any of the following methods:
At the virtual annual meeting.All shareholders may vote at the virtual annual meeting. Please see “How do I access the virtual annual meeting? Who may attend?” for additional information on how to vote at the annual meeting.
By proxy.There are three ways to vote by proxy:
● | By mail, using your proxy card and return envelope; |
● | By telephone, using the telephone number printed on the proxy card and following the instructions on the proxy card; or |
● | By the Internet, using a unique password printed on your proxy card and following the instructions on the proxy card. |
Even if you expect to attend the annual meeting virtually, please vote by proxy to assure that your shares will be represented.
WHAT DOES IT MEAN TO VOTE BY PROXY?
It means that you give someone else the right to vote your shares in accordance with your instructions. In this case, we are asking you to give your proxy to our Chief Executive Officer, Corporate Secretary and Assistant Corporate Secretary, who are sometimes referred to as the “proxy holders.” By giving your proxy to the proxy holders, you assure that your vote will be counted even if you are unable to attend the annual meeting. If you give your proxy but do not include specific instructions on how to vote on a particular proposal described in this proxy statement, the proxy holders will vote your shares in accordance with the recommendation of the board for such proposal.
ON WHAT AM I VOTING?
You will be asked to consider four proposals at the annual meeting.
● | Proposal No. 1asks you to elect four Class I directors to serve until the 2027 Annual Meeting of Shareholders. |
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Proposal No. |
HOW DOES THE BOARD RECOMMEND THAT I VOTE ON THESE PROPOSALS?
The board recommends that you vote “FOR ALL” director nominees in Proposal 1, and “FOR” Proposals 2 and 3 and 4.
WHAT HAPPENS IF OTHER MATTERS ARE RAISED AT THE MEETING?
Although we are not aware of any matters to be presented at the virtual annual meeting other than those contained in the Notice of Annual Meeting, if other matters are properly raised at the virtual annual meeting in accordance with the procedures specified in our certificate of incorporation and bylaws, or applicable law, all proxies given to the proxy holders will be voted in accordance with their best judgment.
WHAT IF I SUBMIT A PROXY AND LATER CHANGE MY MIND?
If you have submitted your proxy and later wish to revoke it, you may do so by doing one of the following: giving written notice to the Corporate Secretary prior to the virtual annual meeting; submitting another proxy bearing a later date (in any of the permitted forms) prior to the virtual annual meeting; or casting a ballot at the virtual annual meeting.
WHO WILL COUNT THE VOTES?
Broadridge Investor Communications Services will serve as proxy tabulator and count the votes, and the results will be certified by the inspector of election.
HOW MANY VOTES MUST EACH PROPOSAL RECEIVE TO BE ADOPTED?
The following votes must be received:
● | For Proposal No. 1regarding the election of directors, a majority of votes of our common stock cast is required to elect a director. Abstentions and broker non-votes are not counted as votes cast and will therefore have no effect. |
● | For Proposal No. 2regarding the approval of the redomestication of the Company to Nevada through conversion, the affirmative vote of a majority of the shares of our outstanding common stock entitled to vote thereon would be required for approval. Abstentions and broker non-votes will have the effect of a vote against Proposal No. 2. |
● | For Proposal No. 3regarding a non-binding advisory vote on the compensation paid to our named executive officers, this vote is advisory in nature. Our bylaws require that proposals |
Fidelity National Financial, Inc. | 4 | |
relating to matters other than the election of directors be approved by the affirmative vote of a majority of the shares of our common stock represented and entitled to vote at the meeting, in which case abstentions and broker non-votes have the effect of a vote against Proposal No. 3. Because the vote on Proposal No. 3 is advisory and therefore will not be binding on the Company, the board will review the voting result and take it into consideration when making future decisions regarding the compensation paid to our named executive officers.
● | For Proposal No. 4regarding the ratification of the appointment of Ernst & Young LLP, the affirmative vote of a majority of the shares of our common stock represented and entitled to vote at the meeting | |
WHAT CONSTITUTES A QUORUM?
A quorum is present if a majority of the outstanding shares of our capital stock issued and entitled to vote at the annual meeting are present in person or represented by proxy. Broker non-votes and abstentions will be counted for purposes of determining whether a quorum of each class is present.
WHAT ARE BROKER NON-VOTES? IF I DO NOT VOTE, WILL MY BROKER VOTE FOR ME?
Broker non-votes occur when nominees, such as banks and brokers holding shares on behalf of beneficial owners, do not receive voting instructions from the beneficial owners at least ten days before the meeting. If that happens, the nominees may vote those shares only on matters deemed “routine” by the Securities and Exchange Commission and the rules promulgated by the New York Stock Exchange thereunder.
The Company believes that all the proposals to be voted on at the annual meeting, except for Proposal No. 4 regarding the appointment of Ernst & Young LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm, are not “routine” matters. On non-routine matters, such as Proposals No. 1, 2 and 3, nominees cannot vote unless they receive voting instructions from beneficial owners. Please be sure to give specific voting instructions to your nominee so that your vote can be counted.
WHAT EFFECT DOES AN ABSTENTION HAVE?
With respect to Proposal No. 1, abstentions or directions to withhold authority will not be included in vote totals and will not affect the outcome of the vote. With respect to each of Proposals No. 2, 3 and 4, abstentions will have the effect of a vote against the proposals.
WHO PAYS THE COST OF SOLICITING PROXIES?
We pay the cost of the solicitation of proxies, including preparing and mailing the Notice of Annual Meeting of Shareholders, this proxy statement and the proxy card. Following the mailing of this proxy statement, directors, officers and employees of the Company may solicit proxies by telephone, facsimile transmission or other personal contact. Such persons will receive no additional
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compensation for such services. Brokerage houses and other nominees, fiduciaries and custodians who are holders of record of shares of our common stock will be requested to forward proxy soliciting material to the beneficial owners of such shares and will be reimbursed by the Company for their charges and expenses in connection therewith at customary and reasonable rates. In addition, the Company has retained Georgeson Inc. to assist in the solicitation of proxies for an estimated fee of $10,000$11,000 plus reimbursement of expenses.
WHAT IF I SHARE A HOUSEHOLD WITH ANOTHER SHAREHOLDER?
We have adopted a procedure approved by the Securities and Exchange Commission, called “householding.” Under this procedure, FNF shareholders of record who have the same address and last name and do not participate in electronic delivery of proxy materials will receive only one copy of our Annual Report and Proxy Statement unless one or more of these shareholders notifies us that they wish to continue receiving individual copies. This procedure will reduce our printing costs and postage fees. Shareholders who participate in householding will continue to receive
separate proxy cards. Also, householding will not in any way affect dividend check mailings. If you are a shareholder who resides in the same household with another shareholder, or if you hold more than one account registered in your name at the same address, and wish to receive a separate proxy statement and annual report or notice of internet availability of proxy materials for each account, please contact, Broadridge, toll free at 1-866-540-7095. You may also write to Broadridge, Householding Department, at 51 Mercedes Way, Edgewood, New York 11717. Beneficial shareholders can request information about householding from their banks, brokers or other holders of record. We hereby undertake to deliver promptly upon written or oral request, a separate copy of the Annual Report to Shareholders, or this Proxy Statement, as applicable, to a shareholder at a shared address to which a single copy of the document was delivered.
WHY DID I RECEIVE A NOTICE IN THE MAIL REGARDING THE INTERNET AVAILABILITY OF THE PROXY MATERIALS INSTEAD OF A PAPER COPY OF THE PROXY MATERIALS?
In accordance with the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission, we have elected to furnish to our shareholders this Proxy Statement and our Annual Report on Form 10-K by providing access to these documents on the Internet rather than mailing printed copies. Accordingly, the Notice of Internet Availability is being mailed to our shareholders of record and beneficial owners (other than those who previously requested printed copies or electronic delivery of our proxy materials), which will direct shareholders to a website where they can access our proxy materials and view instructions on how to vote online or by telephone. If you would prefer to receive a paper copy of our proxy materials, please follow the instructions included in the Notice of Internet Availability. Our Proxy Statement and our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 20212023 are available for shareholders at www.proxyvote.com. Instead of receiving future copies of our Proxy Statement and Annual Report on Form 10-K to shareholders by mail, shareholders can access these materials online. Opting to receive your proxy materials online will save us the cost of producing and mailing documents to you; an electronic link to the proxy voting site will be provided to you. Shareholders of record can enroll at www.proxyvote.com for online access to future proxy materials. If you hold your shares in a bank or brokerage account, you also may have the opportunity to receive copies of these documents electronically. Please check the information provided in the proxy materials mailed to you by your bank or broker regarding the availability of this service.
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HOW DO I ACCESS THE VIRTUAL ANNUAL MEETING? WHO MAY ATTEND?
At the virtual annual meeting, shareholders will be able to listen to the meeting live and vote. To be admitted to the virtual annual meeting at www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/FNF2022FNF2024, you must enter the 16-digit control number available on your proxy card if you are a shareholder of record or included in your voting instruction card and voting instructions you received from your broker, bank or other nominee. Although you may vote online during the annual meeting, we encourage you to vote via the Internet, by telephone or by mail as outlined in the Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials or on your proxy card to ensure that your shares are represented and voted.
The meeting webcast will begin promptly at 10:00 a.m., Eastern Time, on June 15, 2022,12, 2024, and we encourage you to access the meeting prior to the start time.
WILL I BE ABLE TO ASK QUESTIONS DURING THE VIRTUAL ANNUAL MEETING?
Shareholders will be able to ask questions through the virtual meeting website during the meeting through www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/FNF2022FNF2024. The Company will respond to as many appropriate questions during the annual meeting as time allows.
HOW CAN I REQUEST TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE DURING THE VIRTUAL ANNUAL MEETING?
A technical support line will be available on the meeting website for any questions on how to participate in the virtual annual meeting or if you encounter any difficulties accessing the virtual meeting.
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE HIGHLIGHTS
Our board is focused on good governance practices, which promote the long-term interests of our shareholders and support accountability of our board of directors and management. Our board of directors has implemented the following measures to improve our overall governance practices. See “Corporate Governance and Related Matters” for more detail on FNF’s governance practices.
● | Proxy access right adopted in response to support from shareholders |
● | Majority voting in uncontested director elections, with a resignation policy |
● | Lead Independent Director with robust duties |
● | Annual performance evaluations of the board of directors and committees |
● | Robust stock ownership guidelines for our executive officers and directors |
● | Clawback policy in compliance with NYSE rules |
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● | Shareholders may act by written consent |
● | Independent audit, compensation, corporate governance and nominating committees |
● | Shareholder engagement on compensation and governance issues |
● | No supermajority voting requirement for shareholders to act |
● | Stand-alone independent related person transaction committee |
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND RELATED MATTERS
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE GUIDELINES
Our corporate governance guidelines provide, along with the charters of the committees of the board of directors, a framework for the functioning of the board of directors and its committees and to establish a common set of expectations as to how the board of directors should perform
its functions. The Corporate Governance Guidelines address a number of areas including the size and composition of the board, board membership criteria and director qualifications (including consideration of all aspects of diversity when considering new director nominees, including diversity of age, gender, nationality, race, ethnicity and sexual orientation), director responsibilities, board agenda, roles of the Chairman of the board of directors, Chief Executive Officer and Lead Director, meetings of independent directors, committee responsibilities and assignments, board member access to management and independent advisors, director communications with third parties, director compensation, director orientation and continuing education, evaluation of senior management and management succession planning. These guidelines specifically provide that a majority of the members of the board of directors must be outside directors whom the board of directors has determined have no material relationship with us and whomwho otherwise meet the independence criteria established by the New York Stock Exchange. The board of directors reviews these guidelines and other aspects of our governance at least annually. The board reviewed our Corporate Governance Guidelinescorporate governance guidelines in February 2022 without significant change.2024 and approved changes related to our related person transaction committee. A copy of our Corporate Governance Guidelines is available for review on our website at www.investor.fnf.com.
CODES OF ETHICS
Our board of directors has adopted a Code of Ethics for Senior Financial Officers, which is applicable to our Chief Executive Officer, our Chief Financial Officer and our Chief Accounting Officer, and a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, which is applicable to all our directors, officers and employees. The purpose of these codes is to: (i) promote honest and ethical conduct, including the ethical handling of conflicts of interest; (ii) promote full, fair, accurate, timely and understandable disclosure; (iii) promote compliance with applicable laws and governmental rules and regulations; (iv) ensure the protection of our legitimate business interests, including corporate opportunities, assets and confidential information; and (v) deter wrongdoing. Our codes of ethics are designed to maintain our commitment to our longstanding standards for ethical business practices. Our reputation for integrity is one of our most important assets and each of our employees and directors is expected to contribute to the care and preservation of that asset. Under our codes of ethics, an amendment to or a waiver or modification of any ethics policy applicable to our directors or executive officers must be disclosed to the extent required
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under Securities and Exchange Commission and/or New York Stock Exchange rules. We intend to disclose any such amendment or waiver by posting it on our website at www.investor.fnf.com.
Copies of our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics and our Code of Ethics for Senior Financial Officers are available for review on our website at www.investor.fnf.com.
ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL AND GOVERNANCE OVERVIEW
ESG OVERVIEW
FNF’s work to addressAddressing Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) issues is foundational to our success and integral to who we are as a company. We recognize the importance of a sustainable future to FNF’s long-term growth, and ourgrowth. Our Company and board of directors are committed to addressing ESG issues to better serve our employees, business partners, and the communities impacted by our business operations.
Building
Maintaining a sustainable business starts with being transparent about our business practices, corporate governance, environmental impact, and our commitments to our stakeholders. SinceIn 2019, we published our inaugural Sustainability Report in 2019,Report. Since then, we have continued to enhance our ESG efforts, disclosing our progress through annual reporting and on our website. To learn more about our efforts, please view our most recent reports via our website, www.investor.fnf.comwww.fnf.com/sustainability. We anticipate publishing our 20212023 report in June 2022.July 2024.
Our commitment to ESG focuses on:
Protecting Homeowners:Homeownership: Our policyholders depend on the strength and security of a trustworthy title insurance company to protect their ownership rights for years to come. As a provider of title insurance, we diligently safeguard the rights of both residential and commercial property owners against unexpected legal and financial claims that may arise after closing.
Supporting Financial Goals and Wellbeing: F&G’s product solutions also support our clients in achieving their retirement goals and improving their financial lives, while protecting against unforeseen events through life insurance policies.
Consumer Data and Fraud Protection: The safety and security of our property ownerspolicyholders, customers, vendors, and employees is one of our top priority.priorities. This means ensuring rigorous information security through continuous enhancements to our cybersecurity and data protection standards, internal auditing protocols, and consistent monitoring to protecthelp ensure the safety of customer funds and nonpublic personal information.private information when it is in our custody. We work hard to educateprotect our employees and protect consumersstakeholders from fraud by enhancingand educate them through our fraud prevention programs.
Preserving the Environment: FNF works to integrate environmental management practices into our operations, including our facilities. As part of our commitment to preserve the environment, we understand that we not only have a duty to protect the local environments where we operate, but that environmental change may pose risks and present opportunities to our business. Annually, we conduct a climate risk assessment to understand climate-related risks that may impact our business and to manage these risks through our enterprise risk management systems.
We have a number ofseveral efforts underway to reduce our environmental footprint across our locations. As partOur efforts include monitoring and mitigating our carbon footprint, eliminating the use of plastic water bottles, and participating in recycling programs. By digitizing a traditionally paper-intensive industry, we have implemented customer-focusedcustomer-centric technology tothat also significantly reducereduces paper consumption in real estate transactions,transactions. We are committed to moving the title insurance industry in a more sustainable paper-less direction. Our efforts also include participating in recycling programs and eliminating the use of plastic water bottles. Beyond our mitigation efforts, we understand our responsibility to protect the local environments in which we operate. In 2021, through our Enterprise Risk Management systems, we conducted our first climate risk assessment to understand and identify climate-related risks and opportunities that may impact our business. We are evaluating this information to develop strategies and manage those risks and opportunities over time.
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Supporting Our Employees and Communities: AsOur employees are our greatest asset, and we are committed to providing our employees with opportunities to expand their knowledge base and develop skills for career advancement. WeAdditionally, we are committed to operating anbuilding a diverse and inclusive workplace, and we strongly believe that the diversity of our clients should be reflected among our employees. With over 1,300 locations throughout the United States and Canada and over 28,00020,000 employees, we are positioned to make a difference within the communities in which we operate. Through local community involvement, corporate initiatives, and philanthropic giving, – as well asand an active community volunteer ethos, – we work hard each day to support the communities where we live and operate.
Operating Ethically:High Standard of Conduct: Our reputation for integrity is vitalThe Company adheres to our cultureapplicable laws, regulations and business operations. We operate in ways that are fair, transparent,principles of conduct to protect the public’s trust, ensure conscientious performance and compliant. We implementpreserve the Company’s legacy of honesty and strong ethical standards. FNF has implemented strong governance practices, policies, training, and reporting avenues designed to promoteencourage all employees to adhere to our high standards for business integrity.
KEY 2021 ESG ACCOMPLISHMENTS
KEY 2023 ESG ACCOMPLISHMENTS
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Continued to monitor risks and opportunities related to our climate risk assessment. |
● | Invested in technology that allows us to calculate our emissions scopes across our real estate portfolio. |
● | Revised and developed key policies and statements to reflect our ongoing commitment to ESG and mitigating climate-related risk |
BOARD AND ESG OVERSIGHT
FNF is committed to strong governance systems and policies that ensure fair, transparent and efficient business practices. To honor that commitment, our management team leads our ESG efforts with oversight from the Audit Committee,audit committee, which reports our ESG progress and efforts to the Boardboard of Directors.directors.
ESG DUE DILIGENCE
ESG is embedded across FNF’s approach to mergers and acquisitions. In order to maximize the value of each of our diverse assets, our management team takes a holistic approach and reviews ESG practices that are material to a potential investment. We believe that managing ESG issues in our mergers and acquisitions helps FNF generate stronger returns for our shareholders while improving our impact on the community.
ESG RISK MANAGEMENT
FNF recognizes that ESG risks, including climate change and severe weather conditions, cybersecurity breaches, pandemic diseases, and other catastrophic events may impact our business. At FNF, we manage material risks, including ESG risks, through our Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) program. Our ERM program identifies and conducts risk assessments on our material risks, including environmental risks. Our team works diligently to identify, assess, and manage risks. Our ERM program reviews proposed New Products and Services for possible climate impacts outside of current operations. In 2021, we conducted our first climate risk assessment to understand climate-related risks that may impact our business and integrated the mitigation of those risks into our ERM program.
Our ERM program is overseen by our Chief Risk Officer. Our Chief Risk Officer reports to the audit committee of our Boardboard of Directors on a regular basisdirectors regularly about our ERM and Business Continuity programs. At the management level, FNF manages risk, including ESG-related risk, through a cross-functional committee of members of senior management known as the Enterprise
Fidelity National Financial, Inc. | 10 | |
Risk Steering Committee (ERSC). The diversity of this group allows for identification of key enterprise risks, from strategic, operational, financial, legal, information technology and cyber and physical security, and compliance perspectives.
Our ERM program works diligently to identify, assess, and manage risks. This includes conducting risk assessments on our material risks and reviewing proposed new products and services for possible climate impacts outside of current operations. Consistent with FNF's processes for other risk assessments, our ERM team meets with key stakeholders in FNF's corporate control and operational groups to develop an overall risk inventory related to climate-related risk. In conjunction with our climate-related risk assessment, we enhanced and developed key policies and statements to further embed consideration of climate risk into our business strategy and financial planning. Our approach includes our Environmental Policy Statement, integration of climate-related and other ESG risks into our ERM program, and consideration of climate-related and other ESG risks when conducting due diligence for potential acquisitions and new product and service offerings.
As part of our investment strategy, we regularly identify and monitor numerous risks that could have a detrimental impact on our investment portfolio. We have revised our Investment Policy to incorporate consideration of material climate-related risk, including risks that relate to the changing domestic and global market for energy generation and the related regulatory environment, as part of our investment strategy.
We maintain a dedicated Business Continuity Office (BCO) that is responsible for the implementation of the BCOour business continuity program and reports to the Chief Risk Officer. Our BCObusiness continuity program is part of our ERM program and createsestablishes plans for our core products, processes, and services that includeservices. This includes predetermined actions to be taken, resources to be used, and procedures to be followed before, during, and after a disaster.disaster or other crisis.
FNF’s headquarters are in Jacksonville, Florida, an area at high risk of hurricane and flood damage. We have taken steps to harden our corporate offices in Jacksonville and have provided the majority of our employees with the tools they need to work from home.remotely.
DIVERSITY
We understand the importance of diversityDiversity is important to FNF’s success. We believe that the diversity of our employees, through the variety of their ideas, perspectives, and experiences, allows us to offer our customers meaningful and customized products and services. FNF considers inclusivity with respect to all aspects of our business operations; particularly with respect to hiring, compensation, and growth opportunity. We are committed to being an equal opportunity employer and enhancing diversity and inclusion efforts across our business.
FNF’s goal is to foster an inclusive workplace, where each employee receives equal access to opportunities throughout the organization. We prohibit employment discrimination on the basis of race, color, creed, religion, age, sex/gender, pregnancy, national origin or ancestry, citizenship status, veteran status, marital status, physical or mental disability, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression (including transgender status), genetic information and/or any other characteristic protected by applicable federal, state or local laws.
FNF’s corporate policies, such as its Code of Business Conduct & Ethics, Harassment, Discrimination, and Bullying Policy, Americans with Disabilities Act Compliance Policy, and Workplace ViolationViolence Prevention Policy, prohibit discrimination and harassment. Our Employee Handbook contains our Equal Employment Opportunity and other non-discrimination statements.
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Annually, employees must acknowledge our key corporate non-discrimination policies and complete trainings including: Code of Business Conduct and Ethics Training, and Reporting Harassment: Everyone’s Responsibility. FNF maintains an open-door culture that encourages both employee feedback and provides employees several channels through which to report potential violations.
We have many women in leadership roles throughout our organization. As of January 31, 2022,2024, out of the 23,710approximately 20,000 U.S.-based FNF employees, 71%70% are women and 29%30% are men. Two out of eleven board members are women, 40%42% percent of the members of FNF’s leadership team are women and 67% of FNF’s non-executive managers are women. Our annual Women in Leadership Program for female executives, managers, and future managers is designed to encourage and promote women into more active leadership roles within FNF.
Our board of directors leads by example in its commitment to diversity. In 2018, our board codified itsboard’s commitment to consider diversity when selecting new director nominees, by including in our Corporate Governance Guidelines a commitment to diversity of viewpoints, background, experience, and other demographics such as age, nationality, race, ethnicity, and sexual orientation. FNF’sorientation, is codified in our Corporate Governance Guidelines. FNF’s corporate governance and Nominating Committeenominating committee is responsible for identifying and nominating future FNF board members. The Committee’s Chartercorporate governance and nominating committee’s charter requires it to consider the characteristics of directors and director nominees with the goal of maintaining a mix of skills, background, gender diversity, ethnic diversity, and tenure on the board to support and promote the Company’s strategic vision.
DATA PRIVACY AND CYBERSECURITY
FNF isWe are highly dependent on information technology. We are focused on making strategic investmentstechnology in information security to protectthe operation of our clientsvarious businesses. Cybersecurity is an integral part of our operations and is a focus of all employees, including senior management, and our information systems. Our investments include both capital expendituresboard of directors.
We assess, identify and operating expenses for hardware, software, personnel and consulting services. As our primary solutions and services evolve, we apply a comprehensive approach to the mitigation of identified security risks. We have established policies, including those related to privacy, information security andmanage cybersecurity and we employ a broad and diversified set of risk monitoring and risk mitigation techniques.
Internal audits, external audits and self-assessments are conducted to assess the effectiveness and maturity ofrisks through various processes within our Enterprise Risk Management Program and Information Security Program on a recurring basis.Program. We maintain Miscellaneous Professional Liability insurance which provides coverage for cybersecurity incidents as part of our insurance program.
Our board has a strong focus on cybersecurity. Our approaches to cybersecurity and privacy are overseen by the audit committee. At each regular meeting of the audit committee of our board of directors, our Chief Risk Officer, Chief Compliance Officer, Chief Information Security Officer and Chief Internal Auditor provide reports relating to existing and emerging risks, including, as appropriate, risk assessments, cyber and data security risks and any security incidents. Our audit committee chairman reports on these discussions to our board of directors on a quarterly basis. In addition, our audit committee chairman and one of our other audit committee members have attended third-party director education courses on cybersecurity and privacy issues and trends in recent years.
Our employees are one of our strongest assets in protecting our customers’ information and mitigating risk. We maintain comprehensive and tailored training programs that focus on applicable privacy, security, legal and regulatory requirements that provide ongoing enhancement of the security and risk culture at FNF. We continue to provide strong focus on all areas of cybersecurity, including threat and vulnerability management, security monitoring, identity and access management, phishing awareness, risk oversight, third-party risk management, disaster recovery and continuity management. We have established policies, including those related to privacy, information security and cybersecurity, and we employ a broad and diversified set of cybersecurity risk monitoring and risk mitigation techniques. Internal audits, external audits, and self-assessments are conducted to assess the effectiveness and maturity of our Enterprise Risk Management Program and Information Security Program.
Our employees participateare one of our strongest assets in annual trainings including:protecting our customers' information and mitigating cybersecurity risk. We maintain comprehensive and tailored training programs that focus on applicable privacy and cybersecurity requirements. Additionally, we make strategic investments in cybersecurity to protect our customers and information systems, including both capital expenditures and operating expenses for hardware, software, personnel and consulting services. To reduce the residual risk associated with cybersecurity, we maintain Miscellaneous Professional Liability Insurance, which provides coverage for cybersecurity incidents.
Our Corporate Information Security Training, Records Management: ManagingGroup is led by our Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) who is responsible for our information security strategy. This strategy includes policy management, security engineering, identity and Safeguarding Records Trainingaccess management, vulnerability management and Understandingcyber threat detection and Protecting Privacy Training.response through our Security Operations Center. Our CISO has extensive
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information technology and program management experience as do many of our employees in our information security group. We believe cybersecurity is a shared responsibility throughout the organization and thus we also manage cybersecurity risks through a cross-functional committee of members of senior management known as the Enterprise Risk Steering Committee, which includes the CISO.
Our board has a strong focus on cybersecurity. Our approaches to cybersecurity and privacy risk are overseen by the audit committee. At each regular meeting of the audit committee of our board of directors, our Chief Risk Officer, Chief Compliance Officer, Chief Security Officer, Chief Information Security Officer and Chief Audit Officer provide reports relating to existing and emerging cyber and data security risks, as well as reports on the Company’s risk assessments and security incidents. Our audit committee chairman reports on these discussions to our board of directors on a quarterly basis.
For additional information regarding our approach to cybersecurity and related risks, see Item 1A – “Risk Factors” and Item 1C – “Cybersecurity” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, which was filed with the SEC on February 29, 2024.
THE BOARD
Our board is composed of William P. Foley, II (Chairman), Raymond R. Quirk (Executive Vice-Chairman), Douglas K. Ammerman, Halim Dhanidina, Thomas M. Hagerty, Daniel D. (Ron) Lane, Heather H. Miller (formerly Murren), Sandra D. Morgan, Heather H. Murren, John D. Rood, Peter O. Shea, Jr. and Cary H. Thompson.
Our board met sixfour times in 2021.2023. All directors attended at least 75% of the meetings of the board and of the committees on which they served during 2021.2023. Our non-management directors also met periodically in executive sessions without management, and our Lead Director presides over these executive sessions. We do not, as a general matter, require our board members to attend our annual meeting of shareholders, although each of our directors is invited to attend our 20222024 annual meeting. During 2021, one2023, none of our board members attended the annual meeting of shareholders.
MAJORITY VOTING
Our board of directors has implemented “majority voting” in uncontested director elections in February 2017.elections. Pursuant to Section 3.1 of our bylaws, each director is elected by a majority of the votes cast with respect to the director at any meeting for the election of directors at which a quorum is present. However, if as of 10 days in advance of the date we file our proxy statement with the SEC the number of director nominees exceeds the number of directors to be elected in such election (a contested election), the directors shall beare elected by a plurality of the votes cast.
In an uncontested election of directors, any incumbent director who does not receive a majority of the votes cast will promptly tender his resignation to the board of directors. The board will decide, after considering the recommendation of the corporate governance and nominating committee, whether to accept or reject the tendered resignation, or whether other action should be taken.
The director nominee in question will not participate in the recommendation or decision-making process. We will publicly disclose an explanation by the board of its decision within 90 days after we publish the election results. If the board determines to accept a director’s resignation, or if a director nominee who is not an incumbent director is not elected, then the board, in its sole discretion, may fill any resulting vacancy in accordance with our bylaws.
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DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
All of our directors are non-employees other than Mr. Foley, who serves as Executive Chairman of our majority owned subsidiary F&G since November 2022, and Mr. Quirk, who served as our Chief Executive Officer until February 1, 2022 when he assumed the role of Executive Vice-Chairman. During the first quarter of 2022, theThe board of directors has determined that Douglas K. Ammerman, Halim Dhanidina, Daniel D. Lane, Sandra D. Morgan, Heather H. Murren,Miller, John D. Rood, Peter O. Shea, Jr. and Cary H. Thompson are independent under the criteria established by the New York Stock Exchange and our Corporate Governance Guidelines. The board of directors also determined that Messrs. Lane, Thompson and Ms. Murren meetreviewed the additional independence standards of the New York Stock Exchange for(NYSE) independence considerations applicable to compensation committee members.members and determined that Messrs. Hagerty, Lane and Thompson are independent for purposes of service on the compensation committee.
In determining independence, the board considered all relationships that might bear on our directors’ independence from FNF. The board determined that Raymond R.Mr. Quirk is not independent because he is thewas our Chief Executive Officer and is currently our Executive Vice-Chairman and an employee of FNF. The board of directors also determined that William P. Foley, II is not independent because he is Senior Managing DirectorExecutive Chairman of Trasimene Capital Management, LLC (Trasimene)F&G and we paid Trasimene a transaction feean employee of approximately $27.9 million in 2020 pursuant to a services agreement between usFNF and Trasimene.F&G. For additional information concerning the Trasimene services agreement,these transactions, see the section titled “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions” below. The board determined that Thomas M. Hagerty is not independent because Mr. Hagerty is a Managing Director of Thomas H. Lee Partners, L.P. (THL) and FNF paid THL approximately $90 million in connection with the purchase of THL’s minority interest in ServiceLink Holdings, LLC in July 2020.
In considering the independence of Douglas K. Ammerman, Sandra D. Morgan, Heather H. Murren,Miller, John D. Rood and Cary H. Thompson, the board of directors considered the following factors:
● |
● | Mr. Thompson is an Executive Vice Chairman of Bank of America Merrill Lynch, and FNF made payments to and received payments from entities affiliated with Bank of America Merrill Lynch in 2020 and 2021. The board of directors determined that these payments do not impair Mr. Thompson’s independence because his compensation from Bank of America Merrill Lynch is not dependent on the amount of business Bank of America Merrill Lynch or its affiliates does with FNF or its subsidiaries. |
● | Mr. Ammerman serves on the board of directors of Cannae Holdings, Inc. (Cannae). Mr. Foley serves as Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and Chief Investment Officer of Cannae, which was split-off from FNF in 2017. |
● | Mr. Ammerman and Mr. Hagerty serve on the board of directors of Dun & Bradstreet Holdings, Inc. (DNB). Mr. Foley serves as Executive Chairman of the board of directors of DNB and he and Cannae |
● | Messrs. Ammerman and Rood serve on the board of directors of majority-owned subsidiary F&G. |
The board of directors determined that these relationships were not of a nature that would impair the independence of Mr. Ammerman, Ms. Murren, Mr. Rood or Mr. Thompson.their independence.
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COMMITTEES OF THE BOARD
The board has threefour standing committees: an audit committee, a compensation committee, and a corporate governance and nominating committee and a related person transaction committee. The charter of each standing committee is available on the Investor Info page of our website at www.fnf.com. Each committee reviews its charter annually. Shareholders also may obtain a copy of any of these charters by writing to the Corporate Secretary at the address set forth under “Available Information” below.
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND NOMINATING COMMITTEE
The members of the corporate governance and nominating committee are Peter O. Shea, Jr. (Chair), Sandra D. Morgan and John D. Rood. Each of Messrs. Shea, Rood and Ms. Morgan was deemed to be independent by the board, as required by the New York Stock Exchange. The corporate governance and nominating committee met two timesone time in 2021.2023.
The primary functions of the corporate governance and nominating committee, as identified in its charter, are:
● | Identifying individuals qualified to become members of the board and making recommendations to the board regarding nominees for election; |
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Reviewing the independence of each director and making a recommendation to the board with respect to each director’s independence; |
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Overseeing the evaluation of the performance of the board and its committees on a continuing basis, including an annual self-evaluation of the performance of the corporate governance and nominating committee; |
● | Developing and recommending to the board the corporate governance principles applicable to us and reviewing our corporate governance guidelines at least annually; |
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Making recommendations to the board with respect to the membership of the audit, compensation and corporate governance and nominating committees; |
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Considering director nominees recommended by shareholders; and |
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Reviewing our overall corporate governance and reporting to the board on its findings and any recommendations. |
AUDIT COMMITTEE
AUDIT COMMITTEE
The members of the audit committee are Douglas K. Ammerman (Chair), Heather H. Murren and John D. Rood.Rood and Peter O. Shea., Jr. The board has determined that each of the audit committee members is financially literate and independent as required by the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the New York Stock Exchange, and that each of Mr.Messrs. Ammerman, Ms. MurrenRood and Mr. RoodShea is an audit committee financial expert, as defined by the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission. The board of directors also reviewed Mr. Ammerman's service on the audit committee in light of his concurrent service on the audit committees of four other companies. The board of directors considered Mr. Ammerman's extensive financial and accounting background and expertise as a former partner of KPMG, his knowledge of our company and understanding of our financial statements as a longtime director and audit committee member, and the fact that Mr. Ammerman is retired from active
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employment, and determined that Mr. Ammerman's service on the audit committees of four public companies, including our audit committee, would not impair his ability to effectively serve on our audit committee. The audit committee met fivesix times in 2021.2023.
The primary functions of the audit committee include:
● | Appointing, compensating and overseeing our independent registered public accounting firm; |
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Overseeing the integrity of our financial statements and our compliance with legal and regulatory requirements; |
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Discussing the annual audited financial statements and unaudited quarterly financial statements with management and the independent registered public accounting firm; |
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Establishing procedures for the receipt, retention and treatment of complaints (including anonymous complaints) we receive concerning accounting, internal accounting controls, auditing matters or potential violations of law; |
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Approving audit and non-audit services provided by our independent registered public accounting firm; |
● | Discussing earnings press releases and financial information provided to analysts and rating agencies; |
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Discussing with management our policies and practices with respect to risk assessment and risk management, including those relating to information technology and cybersecurity risk and ESG risk, including human capital management and health and safety risk; |
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Producing an annual report for inclusion in our proxy statement, in accordance with applicable rules and regulations. |
REPORT OF THE AUDIT COMMITTEE
The audit committee of the board of directors submits the following report on the performance of certain of its responsibilities for the year 2021:2023:
The primary function of our audit committee is oversight of (i) the quality and integrity of our financial statements and related disclosures, (ii) our compliance with legal and regulatory requirements, (iii) the independent registered public accounting firm’s qualifications and independence, and (iv) the performance of our internal audit function and independent registered public accounting firm. The audit committee also oversees information technology and cybersecurity risk and ESG risk and is responsible for reporting to the board on FNF’s ESG initiatives.those matters. Our audit committee acts under a written charter, and we review the adequacy of our charter at least annually. Our audit committee is comprised of the three directors named below, each of whom has been determined by the board of directors to be independent as defined by New York Stock Exchange independence standards. In addition, our board of directors has determined that each of Mr.Messrs. Ammerman, Ms. MurrenRood and Mr. RoodShea is an audit committee financial expert as defined by the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission.
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In performing our oversight function, we reviewed and discussed with management and Ernst & Young LLP, or EY, our independent registered public accounting firm, our audited financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2021.2023. Management and EY reported to us that our consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position and results of operations and cash flows of FNF and its subsidiaries in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles. We also discussed with EY matters required to be discussed by the applicable requirements of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board and the SEC.
We have received and reviewed the written disclosures and the letter from EY required by applicable requirements of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board regarding the independent accountant’s communications with the audit committee concerning independence and have discussed with EY their independence. In addition, we have considered whether EY’s provision of non-audit services to us is compatible with their independence.
Finally, we discussed with our internal auditors and EY the overall scope and plans for their respective audits. We met with EY at each meeting. Management was present for some, but not all, of these discussions. These discussions included the results of their examinations, their evaluations of our internal controls and the overall quality of our financial reporting.
Based on the reviews and discussions referred to above, we recommended to our board of directors that the audited financial statements referred to above be included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021,2023, and that EY be appointed independent registered public accounting firm for FNF for 2022.2024.
In carrying out our responsibilities, we look to management and the independent registered public accounting firm. Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of our financial statements and for maintaining effective internal control. Management is also responsible for assessing and maintaining the effectiveness of internal control over the financial reporting process. The independent registered public accounting firm is responsible for auditing our annual financial statements and expressing an opinion as to whether the statements are fairly stated in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles. The independent registered public accounting firm is also responsible for auditing our internal controls and expressing an opinion as to whether the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
The independent registered public accounting firm performs its responsibilities in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board. Our members are not professionally engaged in the practice of accounting or auditing, and are not experts under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, in either of those fields or in auditor independence.
The foregoing report is provided by the following independent directors, who constitute the committee:
AUDIT COMMITTEE
Douglas K. Ammerman (Chair)
Heather H. Murren
John D. Rood
Peter O. Shea, Jr.
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COMPENSATION COMMITTEE
The members of the compensation committee are Thomas M. Hagerty (Chair), Daniel D. Lane (Chair), Heather H. Murren and Cary H. Thompson. Each of Messrs. Hagerty, Lane Thompson and Ms. MurrenThompson was deemed to be independent by the board, as required by the New York Stock Exchange. The compensation committee met twofive times during 2021.
2023. The functions of the compensation committee include the following:
● | Reviewing and approving corporate goals and objectives relevant to the Chief Executive Officer’s compensation, evaluating his performance in light of those goals and objectives, and setting the Chief Executive Officer’s compensation level based on this evaluation; |
● | Setting salaries and approving incentive compensation and equity awards, as well as compensation policies, for all other officers who are designated as Section 16 officers by our board; |
● | Administering and interpreting the Company’s incentive-based recovery policy; |
● | Producing an annual report for inclusion in our proxy statement, in accordance with applicable rules and regulations; |
● | Making recommendations to the board with respect to incentive compensation programs and equity-based plans that are subject to board approval; |
● | Granting any awards under equity compensation plans and annual bonus plans to our Chief Executive Officer and other Section 16 Officers; and |
● | Approving the compensation of our directors. |
For more information regarding the responsibilities of the compensation committee, please refer to the section of this proxy statement entitled “Compensation Discussion and Analysis and Executive and Director Compensation” above.
RELATED PERSON TRANSACTION COMMITTEE
The members of the related person transaction committee are Halim Dhanidina (Chair) and Sandra D. Morgan. Each of Judge Dhanidina and Ms. Morgan was deemed to be independent by the board, as defined by the New York Stock Exchange. The related person transaction committee was established by our board in August 2022. The functions of the related person transaction committee include the following:
● | Reviewing and considering the approval or ratification of transactions that arise under the Company’s Related Person Transaction Policy (the RPT Policy); |
● | Conducting an annual review of all Related Person Transactions (as defined in the RPT Policy); and |
● | Performing any other duties or responsibilities expressly delegated to the related person transaction committee by the board from time to time. |
BOARD LEADERSHIP STRUCTURE
The Board believes that stockholders are best served by the Board having flexibility to consider and determine the best leadership structure for the Company based on current relevant facts and circumstances rather than by adhering to a formal standing policy on the subject. The Board periodically reviews its leadership structure to evaluate whether the structure remains appropriate to effectively address the specific needs of our business and the long-term interests of our
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stockholders. We have separated the positions of CEO and Chairman of the board of directors in recognition of the differences between the two roles. As our non-executive Chairman of the board, Mr. Foley, while no longer an executive or involved in the day-to-day operation of FNF, continues to be the driving force behind the development and execution of our strategic direction. OnIn February 1, 2022, Raymond R. Quirk assumed the role of Executive Vice ChairmanVice-Chairman of our board and Michael J. Nolan assumed the role of Chief Executive Officer. As Executive Vice-Chairman, Mr. Quirk continues to promote our real estate technology efforts, the expansion of our digital initiatives, and strategic investments in title insurance and technology related M&A activities. Mr. Nolan, who formerly served as our President, assumed the expanded responsibilities of CEO and leads all activities related to the growth and expansion of our title insurance related businesses and operations, overall financial performance, and investor relations.
Douglas K. Ammerman, one of our independent directors, serves as our independent Lead Director. The board believes there are advantages to having an independent Lead Director and considers it to be useful and appropriate to designate afor the Lead Director to coordinate the activities of the other non-employee directors and to perform such other duties and responsibilities as the board may determine. Our board has adoptedBoard believes that stockholders are best served by the Board’s current leadership structure because it provides the Company with the benefits of the leadership roles of Chair and Chief Executive Officer, while at the same time featuring a Charter of thestrong and empowered independent Lead Independent Director who provides an effective independent voice and further enhances the contributions of our independent directors. Mr. Ammerman has extensive board governance experience and has a deep understanding of the Company’s business from serving on our board for over 16 years and serving as a partner of KPMG for 18 years. Since commencing service as our independent Lead Director, Mr. Ammerman has provided a clear and independent voice on the board that definesappropriately balances our leadership structure.
Our Corporate Governance Guidelines define the responsibilities of the Lead Director, which include:
● | Preside at meetings of the board of directors in the absence of, or upon the request of, the Chairman; |
● | Review board meeting agendas and schedules in collaboration with the Chairman and recommend matters for the board to consider and information to be provided to the board; |
● | Serve as a liaison and supplemental channel of communication between non-employee/ independent directors and the Chairman without inhibiting direct communications between the Chairman and other directors; |
● | Serve as the principal liaison for consultation and communication between the non-employee/independent directors and shareholders; |
● | Advise the Chairman concerning the retention of advisors and consultants who report directly to the board; and |
● | Be available to major shareholders for consultation and direct communication. |
Our Board believes that stockholders are best served by the Board’s current leadership structure because it provides the Company with the Chairmanbenefits of the leadership roles of Chair and recommend matters forChief Executive Officer, while at the board to considersame time featuring a strong and information to be provided toempowered independent Lead Independent Director who provides an effective independent voice and further enhances the board;contributions of our independent directors.
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BOARD ROLE IN RISK OVERSIGHT
The board of directors administers its risk oversight function directly and through committees. The audit committee oversees FNF’s financial reporting process, risk management program, including information technology and cybersecurity risk, ESG risk, legal and regulatory compliance, performance of the independent auditor, the internal audit function, and financial and disclosure controls. Management also reports quarterly to the audit committee and the board of directors regarding claims, and the audit committee receives quarterly reports on compliance matters. Our audit committee also oversees our environmental sustainability policies and programs.
Our board has a strong focus on cyber-security.cybersecurity. Our approach to cybersecurity and privacy risk are overseen by the audit committee. At each regular meeting of the audit committee of our board of directors, our Chief Risk Officer, Chief Compliance Officer, Chief Security Officer, Chief Information Security Officer and Chief Internal Audit Officer provide reports relating to ourexisting and emerging cyber and data security practices,risks, as well as reports on the Company’s risk assessments emerging issues and any security incidents. Our audit committee chairman reports on these discussions to our board of directors on a quarterly basis. In addition,Mr. Ammerman and Mr. Rood hashave attended third-party director education courses on cyber-security and privacy issues and trends. Judge Dhanidina holds a certificate in Board Governance from the UCLA Anderson School of Management and certain of our other directors have attended various director continuing education programs.
The corporate governancerelated person transaction committee reviews and nominating committee considers all transactions that arise under the adequacy of FNF’s governance structures and policies.RPT Policy. The compensation committee reviews and approves FNF’s compensation and other benefit plans, policies and programs and considers whether any of those plans, policies or programs creates risks that are likely to have a material adverse effect on FNF. The corporate governance and nominating committee considers the adequacy of FNF’s governance structures and policies. Each committee provides reports on its activities to the full board of directors.
On an ongoing basis management identifies our strategic risks and aligns both our disclosure controls and procedures and our annual audit plan with the identified and addressable risks. Risks are evaluated over all timeframes, however the focus of management’s risk assessment is on risks to the long term viability of FNF. Risks with the potential for an adverse impact to the Company in the near term are prioritized to the extent they present a risk to the viability of the Company. Management presents updates on the current year progress of the Company’s risk management program to the audit committee quarterly.
CONTACTING THE BOARD
Any shareholder or other interested person who desires to contact any member of the board or the non-management members of the board as a group may do so by writing to: Board of Directors, c/o Corporate Secretary, Fidelity National Financial, Inc., 601 Riverside Avenue, Jacksonville, FL 32204. Communications received are distributed by the Corporate Secretary to the appropriate member or members of the board.
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CERTAIN INFORMATION ABOUT OUR DIRECTORS
DIRECTOR CRITERIA, QUALIFICATIONS AND EXPERIENCE AND PROCESS FOR SELECTING DIRECTORS
FNF is a leading provider of title insurance, escrow and other title-related services, including trust activities, trustee sales guarantees, recordings and reconveyances and home warranty products, as well as transaction services to the real estate and mortgage industries. Title insurance revenue is closely related to the level of real estate activity which includes sales, mortgage financing and mortgage refinancing. The levels of real estate activity are primarily affected by the average price of real estate sales, the availability of funds to finance purchases and mortgage interest rates. The Mortgage Bankers Association’s (MBA) Mortgage Finance Forecast asAs of January 2022 predicts overallFebruary 2024, the MBA expected mortgage originations will decrease in 2022 and 2023 before slightly increasingto increase in 2024 which is based upon its expectation that residentialwhen compared to 2023 as a result of increases in both purchase transactions will steadily increaseand refinance activity, followed by further mortgage origination increases in 20222025 and 2023 from 2021 levels before slightly decreasing in 2024, while residential refinance transactions steadily decrease in 2022 and 2023 from 2021 levels before increasing in 2024.2026.
We continually monitor mortgage origination trends and believe that, based on our ability to produce industry-leading operating margins through all economic cycles, we are well-positioned to adjust our operations for adverse changes in real estate activity and to take advantage of increased volume when demand increases.
We are also a provider of annuity and life insurance products through our wholly-ownedmajority-owned subsidiary F&G. F&G provides a diversification of our cash and income streams away from title insurance and is expected to provide predictable counter-cyclical income that is counter-cyclical that performs best in a rising long-term interest rate environment through an attractive retirement insurance business with strong growth tailwinds as demand for retirement insurance products are propelled by an aging demographic.
F&G is a great example of our long history of making strategic investments and acquisitions in other companies, both within and outside of our core title business, and driving shareholder value creation through identifying cost savings, undertaking strategy shifts, eliminating siloed organizational structures and accelerating product expansion.
In 2022,2024, our board and management team will be focused on the organic growth of our core title operations while carefully managing expenses to address any changes in the mortgage industry and our business as a result of the COVID-19 pandemiccurrent economic environment, including rising inflation and interest rates, and other macro-economic factors. The board and management team, especially Messrs. Foley, Ammerman, Nolan, Quirk and Rood who serve on the F&G board, will also be focused on the successful execution of our previously announced dividend to our shareholders, on a pro rata basis, of 15% of the common stock of F&G and F&G’s transition to a publicly traded company.strategic plan.
Our board and the corporate governance and nominating committee isare committed to including the best available candidates for nomination to election to our board based on merit. Certain of our directors have attended director continuing education programs on various matters including cybersecurity and corporate governance. Our board and our corporate governance and nominating committee periodically evaluatesevaluate our board’s composition with the goal of developing a board that meets our strategic goals, and one that includes diverse, experienced and highly qualified individuals.
The corporate governance and nominating committee does not set specific, minimum qualifications that nominees must meet for the committee to recommend them to the board, but rather believes that each nominee should be evaluated based on his or her individual merits, taking into account
21 | Fidelity National Financial, Inc. | |
our needs and the overall composition of the board. In accordance with our Corporate Governance Guidelines, the corporate governance and nominating committee considers, among other things, the following criteria in fulfilling its duty to recommend nominees for election as directors:
● | Personal qualities and characteristics, accomplishments and reputation in the business community; |
● | Current knowledge and contacts in the communities in which we do business and in our industry or other industries relevant to our business; |
● | Ability and willingness to commit adequate time to the board and committee matters; |
● | The fit of the individual’s skills and personality with those of other directors and potential directors in building a board that is effective, collegial and responsive to our needs; and |
● | Diversity of viewpoints, background, experience, and other demographics, and all aspects of diversity to enable the Board to perform its duties and responsibilities effectively, including candidates with a diversity of age, gender, nationality, race, ethnicity, and sexual orientation. |
Each year in connection with the nomination of candidates for election to the board, the corporate governance and nominating committee evaluates the background of each candidate, including candidates that may be submitted by shareholders.
COMPOSITION, TENURE, RECENT REFRESHMENT AND DIVERSITY
We believe that the current composition of our board has served us well and that our current directors possess relevant experience, skills and qualifications that contribute to a well-functioning board that effectively oversees our long-term strategy. As the need arises, we selectively add new board members who have important skill sets, experience or diversity of viewpoint. For example, in 2020, our board elected Sandra D. Morgan to serve as a director. Ms. Morgan brings to our board a strong legal and regulatory background as an attorney and former Chair of the Nevada Gaming Control Board. In 2021, we added the Honorable Halim Dhanidina, who has a strong legal background and understanding of the regulatory landscape and corporate governance. Both Ms. Morgan and Judge Dhanidina add to the diversity of our board. Our board is composed of a mix of directors, some of whom have served on our board since our initial public offering and have a strong understanding of our business, operational and strategic goals, as well as our industry and the risks we face, and others who have joined our board in more recent years and bring new skills, experience and perspectives to our board. Having directors with a longevity of service and deep understanding of our business has been critical to our ability to effectively execute on our long-term strategy, but we have recognized the importance of adding new highly talented directors to broaden the skills and experience of our board as a whole and add new and diverse viewpoints. In the last fiveseven years, we have added three diverse directors to our board.
Our corporate governance and nominating committee regularly examines ways that it can foster the diversity of our board across many dimensions to maintain its ability to operate at a high-functioning level and to reflect the board’s commitment to inclusiveness. In connection with this examination, the committee revised our Corporate Governance Guidelines to expressly include diversity of age, gender, nationality, race, ethnicity, and sexual orientation as a part of the criteria the committee may consider when selecting nominees for election to the board, all in the context of the needs of our board at any given point in time. Specifically, the corporate governance and nominating committee is focused on considering highly qualified women and individuals from minority groups as candidates for nomination as directors.
Fidelity National Financial, Inc. | 22 | |
Our corporate governance and nominating committee also considers whether our directors have sufficient time to devote to service on our board. Mr. Foley, who also serves as Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Cannae and as Chairman of the boards of several other public companies, provides high-value added services to our Company and board. Mr. Foley is a founder of FNF and has served as Chairman of our board of directors since 1984. He served as our Chief Executive Officer until May 2007 and as President of FNF until December 1994. He has unparalleled knowledge of our business, industry and customers that is invaluable to our Company and our board as we continually evaluate, evolve and execute on our long-term strategy. Mr. Foley has a strong track record of building and maintaining shareholder value and successfully negotiating and executing mergers, acquisitions and other strategic transactions.
We believe that Mr. Foley is able to fulfill his role and devote sufficient time to FNF while serving as Chief Executive Officer of Cannae. Cannae is a holding company engaged in managing and operating a group of companies and investments, as well as making additional majority and minority equity portfolio investments in businesses. Mr. Foley is not charged with overseeing the day-to-day operations of those businesses, as each of those businesses has a management team, and in that way Mr. Foley is not a typical public company chief executive officer. Rather, a significant component of Mr. Foley’s role as Cannae’s Chief Executive Officer is his service on the boards of certain of Cannae’s largest investments, including as Executive Chairman of Dun & Bradstreet and non-executive Chairman of Alight. Additionally, Mr. Foley’s service as Executive Chairman of F&G is part of our board’s strategy for the long-term success of F&G as our 85% owned subsidiary and we believe his service in that role with drive long-term value for both our shareholders and F&G shareholders. Based on these factors and Mr. Foley’s unique skills and history with FNF, we believe he has sufficient time to devote to his service as non-executive Chairman of FNF and that his continued involvement in our strategy and execution is an important factor in our long-term and future success.
PROXY ACCESS
Our bylaws include a “proxy access” procedure for shareholder director nominations. Pursuant to Section 3.1 of our bylaws, a shareholder, or a group of up to 25 shareholders, may include in our proxy materials director nominees constituting up to two individuals or 20% of our board, whichever is greater, provided that:
● | The nominating shareholder(s) own several shares representing 3% or more of the total voting power of the Company’s outstanding shares of capital stock entitled to vote in the election of directors; |
● | The nominating shareholder(s) have owned that number of shares continuously for at least three years; and |
● | The nominating shareholder(s) and their director nominee(s) otherwise satisfy the applicable requirements of Section 3.1 of the amended and restated bylaws. |
The corporate governance and nominating committee considers qualified candidates suggested by current directors, management and our shareholders. A shareholder who wishes to suggest a qualified candidate for director to the corporate governance and nominating committee but does
23 | Fidelity National Financial, Inc. | |
not meet the requirements described above may do so by writing to our Corporate Secretary at 601 Riverside Avenue, Jacksonville, Florida 32204. The submission must provide the information required by, and otherwise comply with the procedures set forth in, Section 3.1 of our bylaws. Section 3.1 also requires that the nomination notice be submitted by a prescribed time in advance of the meeting. See “Shareholder Proposals and Nominations” below.
INFORMATION ABOUT THE DIRECTOR NOMINEES AND CONTINUING DIRECTORS
The matrix on the next page lists the skills and experience that we consider most important for our directors in light of our current business and structure. In addition, biographical information concerning our nominees proposed for election at the annual meeting as Class III directors of the Company, as well as our continuing Class III and Class III directors, including each director’s relevant experience, qualifications, skills and diversity, is included.
BOARD OF DIRECTORS | |||||||||||
Board Skill or Qualification: | William P. Foley II (Chair) | Raymond R. Quirk (Executive Vice-Chairman) | Douglas K. Ammerman | Halim Dhanidina | Thomas M. Hagerty | Daniel D. Lane | Sandra D. Morgan | Heather H. Murren | John D. Rood | Peter O. Shea, Jr. | Cary H. Thompson |
Board of Directors Experience | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |
Industry Experience | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||||||
CEO/Business Head/Leadership | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||
International | ● | ● | ● | ||||||||
Human Capital Management/ Compensation | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||||
Finance/Capital Allocation | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||
Financial Literacy | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |
Regulatory | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||
Real Estate | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||||
Risk Management | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
Corporate Governance | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||
Technology/Systems | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||||||
Legal | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||||||
Marketing/Sales | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||
Board Tenure | 16 | 5 | 16 | 1 | 16 | 16 | 2 | 5 | 8 | 15 | 16 |
Age | 77 | 75 | 70 | 49 | 59 | 87 | 44 | 55 | 67 | 55 | 65 |
Fidelity National Financial, Inc. | ||
Board Gender and Diversity Matrix (as of December 31, 2021) | ||
Total Number of Directors | 11 | |
Directors | Female | Male |
2 | 9 | |
Number of Directors Who Identify in Any of the Categories Below: | ||
African American | 1/2 | 0 |
Asian | 1/2 | 1 |
White | 1 | 8 |
Did not Disclose Demographic Background | 0 |
BOARD OF DIRECTORS | ||||||||||||
Knowledge, Skills & Experience: | William P. Foley, II (Non-Executive Chairman) | Raymond R. Quirk (Executive Vice-Chairman) | Douglas K. Ammerman | Halim Dhanidina | Thomas M. Hagerty | Daniel D. Lane | Sandra D. Morgan | Heather H. Miller | John D. Rood | Peter O. Shea, Jr. | Cary H. Thompson | |
Board of Directors Experience | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||
Industry Experience | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||||||
CEO/Business Head/Leadership | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||
International | ● | ● | ● | |||||||||
Human Capital Management/Compensation | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||||
Finance/Capital Allocation | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||
Financial Literacy | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||
Regulatory | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||
Real Estate | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||||||
Risk Management | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |
Corporate Governance | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |
Technology/Systems | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||||||
Legal | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||||||||
Marketing/Sales | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||
Demographics | ||||||||||||
Race/ Ethnicity | African American | ● | ||||||||||
Asian / Pacific Islander | ● | ● | ||||||||||
White/Caucasian | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||
Hispanic / Latino | ||||||||||||
Native American | ||||||||||||
Gender | Male | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||
Female | ● | ● | ||||||||||
Board Tenure | 18 | 7 | 18 | 3 | 18 | 18 | 4 | 7 | 10 | 17 | 18 | |
Age | 79 | 77 | 72 | 51 | 61 | 89 | 46 | 57 | 69 | 57 | 66 |
Fidelity National Financial, Inc. | ||
Class | |
Name | Position |
Executive Vice-Chairman and Director | |
Member | |
The Honorable Halim Dhanidina.Judge Dhanidina is a retired Associate Justice of the California Court of Appeal where he served from 2018 until April 2021. He was previously appointed as a Judge of the Los Angeles County Superior Court in 2012, making him the first Muslim judge in California history. Judge Dhanidina is currently a Partner with the firm Werksman, Jackson & Quinn LLP. He also teaches law at the University of California Irvine and Chapman University. He earned a BA in International Relations from Pomona College and a JD from UCLA.
Judge Dhanidina’s qualifications to sit on our board include his long and distinguished career as a practicing attorney and judge, and his extensive teaching experience in various areas of law. He also serves as a member of the Special Litigation Committee of our board.
Daniel D. (Ron) Lane. Mr. Lane has served as a director of the Company since 2005, and as a director of predecessors of FNF since 1989. Since February 1983, Mr. Lane has been a principal, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Lane/Kuhn Pacific, Inc., a corporation comprising several community development and home building partnerships, all of which are headquartered in Newport Beach, California. Mr. Lane served as a director of CKE Restaurants, Inc. from 1993 through 2010, and served as a director of Fidelity National Information Services, Inc. (FIS) from February 2006 to July 2008, and as a director of Lender Processing Services, Inc. (LPS) from July 2008 until March 2009. Mr. Lane is also a member of the Board of Trustees of the University of Southern California.
Mr. Lane’s qualifications to serve on the FNF board include his extensive experience in and knowledge of the real estate industry, particularly as Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Lane/Kuhn Pacific, Inc., his deep knowledge of FNF and our business landscape as a long-time director, and his experience as a member of the boards of directors of other companies.
Cary H. Thompson.Mr. Thompson has served as a director of the Company since 2005, and as a director of predecessors of FNF since 1992. Mr. Thompson currently is Executive Vice Chairman of Global Corporate and Investment Banking, Bank of America Merrill Lynch, having joined that firm in May 2008. From 1999 to May 2008, Mr. Thompson was Senior Managing Director and Head of West Coast Investment Banking at Bear Stearns & Co., Inc. Mr. Thompson served as a director of FIS from February 2006 to July 2008, as a director of Lender Processing Services, Inc. from July 2008 to March 2009, and on the board of managers of Black Knight Financial Services, LLC from January 2014 until April 2015.
Mr. Thompson’s qualifications to serve on the FNF board include his experience in corporate finance and investment banking, his knowledge of financial markets, and his expertise in running a large and complex business organization and negotiating and consummating complicated financial transactions.
William P. Foley, II. Mr. Foley is a founder of Fidelity National Financial, Inc. and has served as Chairman of the board of directors of FNF since 1984. He served as Chief Executive Officer of FNF until May 2007 and as President of FNF until December 1994. Mr. Foley has served as Chairman of Cannae Holdings, Inc. since July 2017 and non-executive Chairman since May 2018. Mr. Foley is the Managing Member and a Senior Managing Director of Trasimene Capital Management, LLC, a private company that provides certain management services to Cannae, since 2019. Mr. Foley has also served as non-executive Chairman of the board of directors of Dun & Bradstreet since February 2019 and as Executive Chairman since February 2022, Mr. Foley has served as the non-executive Chairman of the board of directors of Alight, Inc. since April 2021 and served on the board of its predecessor, FTAC from May 2020 until April 2021. Mr. Foley has served as a director of System1 since January 2022. From January 2014 to June 2021, Mr. Foley also served as Chairman of the Board of Black Knight, Inc. and its predecessors. He served as non-executive Chairman of the board of directors of Paysafe and its predecessor, FTAC II, from March 2020 until March 2022. Mr.Foley formerly served as as Co-Chairman of FGL Holdings, as a director of Ceridian HCM Holding Inc. (Ceridian) from September 2013 to August 2019 and as Vice Chairman of Fidelity National Information Services, Inc. Mr. Foley formerly served on the boards of Austerlitz Acquisition Corporation I and Austerlitz Acquisition Corporation II and Trebia Acquisition Corp. until April 2021.
Mr. Foley serves on the boards of various foundations and charitable organizations. Mr. Foley is Executive Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Black Knight Sports and Entertainment, LLC, which is the private company that owns the Vegas Golden Knights, a National Hockey League team. He is founder of Foley Family Wines, Inc., a private company, and Chairman of Foley Wines Ltd., a New Zealand company.
Heather H. Miller | Director | |
John D. Rood |
After receiving his B.S. degree in engineering from the United States Military Academy at West Point, Mr. Foley served in the U.S. Air Force, where he attained the rank of captain. Mr. Foley received his Master of Business Administration from Seattle University and his Juris Doctor from the University of Washington.
Mr. Foley provides high-value added services to the FNF board. Mr. Foley’s qualifications to serve on the FNF board include more than 30 years as a director and executive officer of Fidelity National Financial, his strategic vision, his experience as a board member and executive officer of public and private companies in a wide variety of industries, and his strong track record of building and maintaining shareholder value and successfully negotiating and executing mergers, acquisitions and other strategic transactions.
Douglas K. Ammerman.Mr. Ammerman has served as a director of the Company since 2005. Mr. Ammerman is a retired partner of KPMG LLP, where he became a partner in 1984. Mr. Ammerman formally retired from KPMG in 2002. He also serves as a director of Stantec Inc., where he serves as Chairman, and as a director of Dun & Bradsteet since February 2019. Mr. Ammerman formerly served on the boards of El Pollo Loco, Inc., J. Alexander’s Holdings, Inc. and Foley Trasimene Acquistion Corp.
Mr. Ammerman’s qualifications to serve on the FNF board of directors include his financial and accounting background and expertise, including his 18 years as a partner with KPMG, and his experience as a director on the boards of other companies.
Thomas M. Hagerty. Mr. Hagerty has served as a director of the Company since 2005, and as a director of predecessors of FNF since 2014. Mr. Hagerty is a Managing Director of THL, which he joined in 1988. Mr. Hagerty currently serves as a director of Black Knight, FleetCor Technologies, Ceridian HCM Holdings, Inc. and Dun & Bradstreet. Mr. Hagerty formerly served on the boards of FTAC, First Bancorp, MoneyGram International and FIS.
Mr. Hagerty’s qualifications to serve on the FNF board of directors include his managerial and strategic expertise working with large growth-oriented companies as a Managing Director of THL, a leading private equity firm, and his experience in enhancing value at such companies, along with his expertise in corporate finance.
Peter O. Shea, Jr.Mr. Shea has served as a director of the Company since April 2006. Mr. Shea is the President and Chief Executive Officer of J.F. Shea Co., Inc., a private company with operations in home building, commercial property development and management and heavy civil construction. Prior to his service as President and Chief Executive Officer, he served as Chief Operating Officer of J.F. Shea Co., Inc.
Mr. Shea’s qualifications to serve on the FNF board of directors include his experience in managing multiple and diverse operating companies and his knowledge of the real estate industry, particularly as President and Chief Executive Officer of J.F. Shea Co., Inc.
Member of the Audit Committee
Member of the Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee | |
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Raymond R. Quirk.Mr. Quirk has served as Executive Vice-Chairman of our board since February 2022 and formerly served as Chief Executive Officer of FNF since December 2013. He has served as a director of FNF since February 2017. Previously, he hadMr. Quirk served as the President of FNF since April 2008.from May 2007 until December 2013. Mr. Quirk served as Co-President since May 2007 and as Co-Chief Operating Officer of FNF from October 2006 until May 2007. Since joining FNF in 1985, Mr. Quirk has served in numerous executive and management positions, including Executive Vice President, Division Manager and Regional Manager, with responsibilities for managing direct and agency operations nationally. Mr. Quirk has also served on the board of directors of F&G since August 2020 and formerly served on the board of directors of J. Alexander’s Holdings, Inc.
Mr. Quirk’s qualifications to serve on the FNF board of directors include his more than 35 years of experience with FNF, his deep knowledge of our business and industry and his strong leadership abilities.
Sandra D. Morgan.Ms. Morgan has served on our board since 2020. Ms. Morgan is the immediatePresident of the Las Vegas Raiders, a member club of the National Football League. She is a past Chairwoman of the Nevada Gaming Control Board. She was appointed to this role by Governor Steve Sisolak and is the first African-American to have served as Chair. Ms. Morgan was previously appointed to the Nevada Gaming Commission by Governor Brian Sandoval in April 2018. While serving as a Commissioner, Ms. Morgan also served as Director of External Affairs for AT&T Services, Inc. from September 2016 to January 2019 and was responsible for managing AT&T’s government and community affairs in Nevada. She previously served as the City Attorney for the City of North Las Vegas from May 2008 to August 2016 and was the first African-American City Attorney in the State of Nevada. Prior to her public service with the City of North Las Vegas, Ms. Morgan served as Litigation Attorney for MGM Mirage (now known as MGM Resorts) from 2005 to May 2008. Ms. Morgan previously served as an Athletic Commissioner on the Nevada State Athletic Commission and served on the Board of Directors for Jobs for Nevada’s Graduates. From 2017 to 2019, Ms. Morgan is currentlywas Of Counsel with Covington & Burling LLP in multiple practice areas, including gaming, sports and technololy,technology, as well as the firm’s regulatory, data privacy and cybersecurity practice, litigation and investigations and white-collar defense. She also serves on the board of directors of Allegiant Travel Company since 2021 and formerly served on the board of directors of Caesars Entertainment.Entertainment from November 2021 to July 2022.
Ms. Morgan’s qualifications to serve on our board include her legal expertise and experience, her governmental and regulatory experience on the Nevada Gaming Commission, her leadership in both the private and public sectors, and her independence. Ms. Morgan also serves on the related person transaction committee of our board.
Fidelity National Financial, Inc. | 26 | |
Our board appointed
Heather H. Miller.Ms. Morgan to serve as Chair of a Special Litigation Committee ofMiller has served on our board which was formed for the purpose of investigating and evaluating the claims and allegations asserted in a putative derivative action, asserting claims on behalf of the Company, captioned City of Miami General Employees’ and Sanitation Employees’ Retirement Trust v. William P. Foley, II, et al., and to make a determination as to how the Company should proceed with respect to such action and the claims and allegations asserted therein.
Heather H. Murren. since 2017. Ms. MurrenMiller is a private investor. She retired as a Managing Director and group head of Global Securities and Economics at Merrill Lynch in 2002 after more than a decade on Wall Street. In 2002, Ms. MurrenMiller founded the nonprofit Nevada Cancer Institute, a cancer research and treatment center, where she served as Chairwoman and CEO and then as a board member until the institute merged into Roseman University in 2013. She was appointed by Congress to serve on the Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission from 2009 to 2011. The Commission’s findings, “The Financial Crisis Inquiry Report” was listed on the New York Times bestseller list. Ms. MurrenMiller was appointed and served as a Commissioner on the White House Commission on Enhancing National Cybersecurity in 2016. The Commission’s findings were presented to President Obama in December 2016. She serves on the Board of Trustees of the Johns Hopkins University and Johns Hopkins Medicine and the Chair of Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory. Ms. MurrenMiller formerly served on the board of MannKind Corporation.
Ms. Murren’sMiller’s qualifications include her strong background in finance gained during her time at Merrill Lynch, her leadership experience as a group leader at a leading Wall Street firm and as founder, Chair and CEO at various non-profits, and her regulatory and cyber-security knowledge from serving on the Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission and Commission on Enhancing National Cybersecurity. Ms. Murren also serves as a member of the Special Litigation Committee of our board.
John D. Rood.Mr. Rood has served on our board of directors since May 2013. Mr. Rood is the founder and Chairman of The Vestcor Companies, a real estate firm with more than 30 years of experience in multifamily development and investment. Mr. Rood has also servesserved on the board of directors of F&G since December 2022 and served as a director of Black Knight.Knight from December 2013 until it was acquired by Intercontinental Exchange, Inc. in September 2023. From 2004 to 2007, Mr. Rood served as the US Ambassador to the Commonwealth of the Bahamas. He was appointed by Governor Jeb Bush to serve on the Florida Fish and Wildlife Commission where he served until 2004. He was appointed by Governor Charlie Crist to the Florida Board of Governors, which oversees the State of Florida University System, where he served until 2013. Mr. Rood was appointed by Mayor Lenny Curry to the JAXPORT Board of Directors, where he served from October 2015 to July 2016. Governor Rick Scott appointed Mr. Rood to the Florida Prepaid College Board in July 2016, where Mr. Rood serves as Chairman of the Board. Mr. Rood served on the Enterprise Florida and Space Coast Florida board of directors from September 2016 until February 2019. He previously served on the board of Alico, Inc. and currently serves on several private boards.
Mr. Rood’s qualifications to serve on the FNF board of directors include his experience in the real estate industry, his leadership experience as a United States Ambassador, his financial literacy, his understanding of cyber-security risks gained through director training programs, and his experience as a director on boards of both public and private companies. Mr. Rood has participated in numerous risk and audit training programs with KPMG, Booz Allen and the National Association of Corporate Directors, or NACD. He is a Board Leadership Fellow with NACD.
Name | Position |
Hon. Halim Dhanidina | Member of the Related Person Transaction Committee |
Daniel D. (Ron) Lane | Member of the Compensation Committee |
Cary H. Thompson | Member of the Compensation Committee |
27 | Fidelity National Financial, Inc. | |
The Honorable Halim Dhanidina.Judge Dhanidina has served as a director of the Company since May 2021. Judge Dhanidina is a retired Associate Justice of the California Court of Appeal where he served from 2018 until April 2021. He was previously appointed as a Judge of the Los Angeles County Superior Court in 2012, making him the first Muslim judge in California history. Judge Dhanidina served as a Partner with the firms Werksman, Jackson & Quinn LLP from April 2022 until May 2023 and Umberg/Zipser from April 2021 to April 2022. He is currently a mediator and arbitrator at Signature Resolution. He also teaches law at the University of California Irvine, University of California Los Angeles and Chapman University. He earned a Bachelor of Arts in International Relations from Pomona College and a Juris Doctorate from the University of California, Los Angeles. Judge Dhanidina holds a certificate in Board Governance from the UCLA Anderson School of Management.
Judge Dhanidina’s qualifications to sit on our board include his long and distinguished career as a practicing attorney and judge and his extensive teaching experience in various areas of law. He also serves as a member of the related person transaction committee of our board.
Daniel D. (Ron) Lane.Mr. Lane has served as a director of the Company since 2005, and as a director of predecessors of FNF since 1989. Since February 1983, Mr. Lane has been a principal, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Lane/Kuhn Pacific, Inc., a corporation comprising several community development and home building partnerships, all of which are headquartered in Newport Beach, California. Mr. Lane served as a director of CKE Restaurants, Inc. from 1993 through 2010, and served as a director of FIS from February 2006 to July 2008, and as a director of Lender Processing Services, Inc. from July 2008 until March 2009. Mr. Lane is also a member of the Board of Trustees of the University of Southern California.
Mr. Lane’s qualifications to serve on the FNF board include his extensive experience in and knowledge of the real estate industry, particularly as Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Lane/ Kuhn Pacific, Inc., his deep knowledge of FNF and our business landscape as a long-time director, and his experience as a member of the boards of directors of other companies.
Cary H. Thompson.Mr. Thompson has served as a director of the Company since 2005, and as a director of predecessors of FNF since 1992. Mr. Thompson currently is Executive Vice Chairman of Global Corporate and Investment Banking, BofA Securities, Inc., having joined that firm in May 2008. From 1999 to May 2008, Mr. Thompson was Senior Managing Director and Head of West Coast Investment Banking at Bear Stearns & Co., Inc. Mr. Thompson served as a director of FIS from February 2006 to July 2008 and as a director of Lender Processing Services, Inc. from July 2008 to March 2009.
Mr. Thompson’s qualifications to serve on the FNF board include his experience in corporate finance and investment banking, his knowledge of financial markets, and his expertise in running a large and complex business organization and negotiating and consummating complicated financial transactions.
Fidelity National Financial, Inc. | 28 | |
Class III Directors — Term Expiring 2026 | |
Name | Position |
William P. Foley, II | Chairman of the Board |
Douglas K. Ammerman | Chairman of the Audit Committee |
Thomas M. Hagerty | Chairman of the Compensation Committee |
Peter O. Shea, Jr | Chairman of the Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee Member of the Audit Committee |
William P. Foley, II.Mr. Foley is a founder of Fidelity National Financial, Inc. and has served as Chairman of the board of directors of FNF since 1984. He served as Chief Executive Officer of FNF until May 2007 and as President of FNF until December 1994. Mr. Foley has served as Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and Chief Investment Officer of Cannae Holdings, Inc. (Cannae) since February 2024, and has served as Chairman of Cannae since July 2017. Mr. Foley is the Managing Member and a Senior Managing Director of Trasimene Capital Management, LLC, a private company that provides certain management services to Cannae, since 2019. Mr. Foley has also served as non-executive Chairman of the board of directors of Dun & Bradstreet Holdings, Inc. (D&B) since February 2019 and as Executive Chairman since February 2022. Mr. Foley has served as Executive Chairman of F&G since November 2022. Mr. Foley has served as the non-executive Chairman of the board of directors of Alight Inc. since April 2021 and served on the board of its predecessor, Foley Trasimene Acquisition Corporation (FTAC) from May 2020 until April 2021. Mr. Foley served as a director of System1 from January 2022 to March 2023. From January 2014 to June 2021, Mr. Foley served as Chairman of the Board of Black Knight, Inc. and its predecessors. He served as non-executive Chairman of the board of directors of Paysafe Limited and its predecessor, Foley Trasimene Acquisition Corp. II (FTAC II), from March 2020 until March 2022. Mr. Foley formerly served as Co-Chairman of FGL Holdings, as a director of Dayforce, Inc. (Dayforce, which was formerly known as Ceridian HCM Holding, Inc.) and as Vice Chairman of FIS. Mr. Foley formerly served on the boards of Austerlitz Acquisition Corporation I (AUS) and Austerlitz Acquisition Corporation II (ASZ) and Trebia Acquisition Corp., which were blank check companies, but resigned from those boards in April 2021. Mr. Foley formerly served as Chairman of Foley Wines Ltd., a New Zealand company, until March 2023.
After receiving his B.S. degree in engineering from the United States Military Academy at West Point, Mr. Foley served in the U.S. Air Force, where he attained the rank of captain. Mr. Foley received his Master of Business Administration from Seattle University and his Juris Doctor from the University of Washington. Mr. Foley serves on the boards of various foundations and charitable organizations.
Mr. Foley provides high-value added services to the FNF board. Mr. Foley’s qualifications to serve on the FNF board include more than 30 years as a director and executive officer of FNF, his strategic vision, his experience as a board member and executive officer of public and private companies in a wide variety of industries, and his strong track record of building and maintaining shareholder value and successfully negotiating and executing mergers, acquisitions and other strategic transactions.
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Douglas K. Ammerman.Mr. Ammerman has served as a director of the Company since 2005. Mr. Ammerman is a retired partner of KPMG LLP, where he became a partner in 1984. Mr. Ammerman formally retired from KPMG in 2002. He also serves as a director of Stantec Inc. since 2011, where he serves as Chairman, a director of F&G since December 2022, as a director Dun & Bradsteet since February 2019, and a director of Cannae since February 2024. Mr. Ammerman formerly served on the boards of J. Alexander’s Holdings, Inc. and FTAC.
Mr. Ammerman’s qualifications to serve on the FNF board of directors include his financial and accounting background and expertise, including his 18 years as a partner with KPMG, and his experience as a director on the boards of other companies.
Thomas M. Hagerty.Mr. Hagerty has served as a director of the Company since 2005 and as a director of predecessors of FNF since 2014. Mr. Hagerty is a Managing Director of Thomas H. Lee Partners (THL), which he joined in 1988. Mr. Hagerty also serves as a director of FleetCor Technologies since November 2014, Dayforce since September 2013 and Dun & Bradstreet since February 2019. Mr. Hagerty formerly served on the boards of Black Knight, FTAC, First Bancorp, MoneyGram International and FIS.
Mr. Hagerty’s qualifications to serve on the FNF board of directors include his managerial and strategic expertise working with large growth-oriented companies as a Managing Director of THL, a leading private equity firm, and his experience in enhancing value at such companies, along with his expertise in corporate finance.
Peter O. Shea, Jr.Mr. Shea has served as a director of the Company since April 2006. Mr. Shea is the President and Chief Executive Officer of J.F. Shea Co., Inc., a private company with operations in home building, commercial property development and management and heavy civil construction. Prior to his service as President and Chief Executive Officer, he served as Chief Operating Officer of J.F. Shea Co., Inc.
Mr. Shea’s qualifications to serve on the FNF board of directors include his experience in managing multiple and diverse operating companies and his knowledge of the real estate industry, particularly as President and Chief Executive Officer of J.F. Shea Co., Inc.
Fidelity National Financial, Inc. | 30 | |
PROPOSAL NO. 1: ELECTION OF DIRECTORS |
The certificate of incorporation and the bylaws of the Company provide that our board shall consist of at least one and no more than fourteen directors. Our directors are divided into three classes. The board determines the number of directors within these limits. The term of office of only one class of directors expires in each year. The Class III directors elected at this annual meeting will hold office for their respective terms or until their successors are elected and qualified. The current number of directors is eleven. The board believes that each of the nominees will stand for election and will serve if elected as a director.
At this annual meeting, the persons listed below have been nominated to stand for election to the board as Class III directors for a three-year term expiring in 2025.2027.
Halim DhanidinaDanielRaymond R. Quirk
Sandra D. (Ron) LaneCaryMorgan
Heather H. ThompsonMiller
John D. Rood
THE BOARD RECOMMENDS THAT THE SHAREHOLDERS VOTE “FOR” THE ELECTION OF EACH OF THE LISTED NOMINEES.
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The Board of Directors of Fidelity National Financial, Inc. has approved a proposal to redomesticate the Company, by conversion, from a corporation organized under the laws of the State of Delaware (the Delaware Corporation) to a corporation organized under the laws of the State of Nevada (the Nevada Corporation). We refer to the conversion of the Delaware Corporation into the Nevada Corporation as the “Redomestication.” The Company’s Board of Directors recommends that our stockholders resolve to approve the Redomestication, including the Plan of Conversion, the Nevada Charter, and the other documents and transactions contemplated by the Redomestication, which we refer to as the “Redomestication Resolution.” Upon the completion of the Redomestication, the Company will become a Nevada corporation and will continue to operate its business under its current name, Fidelity National Financial, Inc. REASONS FOR REDOMESTICATION The Board believes that there are several important reasons the Redomestication is in the best interests of the Company and its stockholders. The Board took a balanced approach and considered various factors in reaching its decision to approve the Redomestication and to recommend that our stockholders vote in favor of this proposal. We believe that our stockholders' rights under Nevada law will be substantially similar to those under Delaware law, and in connection with the Redomestication, we determined to enhance certain stockholder rights as summarized below. The Company considered a number of benefits and factors in making its decision and believes that such benefits are sufficiently compelling for our stockholders. Further, the Board also was aware and considered that a potential litigant might argue, and a court could determine, under Delaware law, that the directors and officers of the Company have an interest in the Redomestication to the extent that it might afford them greater limitations on liability under Nevada law for acts in their capacities as directors and officers occurring after the Redomestication. Nevertheless, the Board believes that there are several important reasons the Redomestication is in the best interest of the Company and its stockholders, as discussed below. The Board encourages all stockholders to read this proxy carefully and to consider the potential interests the directors and officers may have in the Redomestication in deciding whether to vote in favor of the Redomestication proposal. SUMMARY OF RATIONALE FOR REDOMESTICATION AND COMPANY PRACTICES Financial Benefits and Cost Savings. We believe that the Redomestication will result in significant financial benefits, including, but not limited the following: Governance Best Practices and Stockholder Rights. In connection with the Redomestication, we considered our existing best practices and stockholder rights, and determined to further enhance stockholder rights as follows: The Board is committed to robust corporate governance and believes in maintaining policies and practices that serve the interests of the Company and all of its stockholders. The Board, taking a balanced approach, believes that the Redomestication is an opportune time to provide additional protections for our stockholders. More Predictability and Certainty in Decision Making. We believe that the recent variety in and unpredictability of judicial interpretation in the Delaware courts will have a chilling effect on corporate decision making, which could result in a company not engaging in transactions potentially beneficial to stockholders. Nevada courts follow a more statute-based approach to director and officer duties that is less dependent on the vagaries of judicial interpretation in the Delaware courts. The uncertainty in Delaware as to what standards of conduct govern corporate decision making, and how a court may rule with respect to the propriety of a transaction after the fact, has created uncertainty for Delaware corporations, their officers and directors, and stockholders. This uncertainty has undermined what was previously touted as a significant benefit of incorporating in Delaware. The Board believes that Nevada’s statute-based approach provides greater certainty for corporate decision making, which, in turn will benefit our stockholders. Reduces Risk of Opportunistic Litigation. The increasing frequency and cost of claims directed towards directors and officers has greatly expanded the risk facing directors and officers of public companies in exercising their duties. This litigation can be time-consuming and burdensome, both for the directors and officers involved and other members of Company management and employees. Significant Company Operations. We have significant operations in our West Region, which has become the more active and dominant region for the Company in recent years as discussed further below. The number of direct title open orders is almost double those in the East Region. Las Vegas, Nevada is also the principal office for several members of our senior management, including our Chief Legal Officer, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary, and Senior Vice President Corporate Finance, and our Treasury Department. Most of our corporate events occur in Nevada. Las Vegas is the place of residence of three of our Board members: our Chairman of the Board, our Vice Chairman of the Board, and a member of our Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee. The Board believes that our Nevada operations are integral to our Company’s business as a whole. By contrast, the Company does not have any meaningful nexus to Delaware, other than Delaware being its state of incorporation. GENERAL BACKGROUND AND CONTEXT FOR THE BOARD’S RECOMMENDATION Historically, Delaware has dominated the market for incorporations for public companies and was the leading choice for a state of incorporation when the Company was founded. More recently, other states have amended their corporation laws and otherwise sought to make their jurisdictions more attractive as a place of incorporation. Nevada in particular has developed and advanced its corporate laws in order to provide businesses with a modern and predictable corporate governance framework, and as a result, Nevada has begun to compete with Delaware for public company incorporations. In considering the Redomestication, the Board considered, among other possibilities, Florida, where our headquarters are currently located in Jacksonville, and Nevada, where the Company has substantial operations due, in part, to the fact that the western United States has accounted for the majority of our business over the past several years. Approximately 60% of our employees report to our Western Operations located in Las Vegas, Nevada, and Las Vegas is the place of residence of three of our Board members: our Chairman of the Board, our Vice Chairman of the Board, and a member of our Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee. Approximately three out of every four meetings of our Board have taken place in Las Vegas, Nevada Las Vegas is also the principal office for several members of our senior management, including our Chief Legal Officer, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary, and Senior Vice President Corporate Finance. The Board believes that our Nevada operations are integral to our Company’s business as a whole. By contrast, the Company does not have any meaningful nexus to Delaware, other than Delaware being its state of incorporation. The Company does not have a significant employee presence or operations in Delaware and only a small portion of the Company’s business is generated in Delaware. In addition, the Board believes that in recent years there has been an increased risk of opportunistic litigation for Delaware public companies, which has made Delaware a less attractive place of incorporation due to the substantial costs associated with defending against such suits. Over the years, we have been subjected to stockholder demands and litigation claims arising under Delaware law, which has resulted in the Company incurring substantial legal fees and expenses, as well as increases in our Director and Officer (D&O) insurance premiums from year-to-year. For example, from time to time, we have responded to stockholder books and records inspection demands, pursuant to Section 220 of the Delaware General Corporation Law (the DGCL), purportedly seeking to investigate alleged mismanagement and wrongdoing, which, in turn, has caused us to expend substantial legal fees and costs in responding to such demands, in addition to the time and distraction for our management team in gathering records and providing information to our lawyers. Two separate but integrally-related lawsuits recently involving the Company, now both resolved, illustrate the challenges public companies in Delaware can face. More specifically, in August of 2020, a Company stockholder filed a derivative lawsuit, purportedly on behalf of the Company, alleging breach of fiduciary duty claims and conflicts of interest against certain directors and officers on the purported basis that, among other things, the Company overpaid in acquiring FGL Holdings, Inc. (F&G). At the same time as the Delaware lawsuit was pending, former stockholders of F&G filed an appraisal petition in the Cayman Islands (F&G’s place of incorporation), alleging that the price the Company paid for F&G was too low. With respect to the Delaware derivative litigation, the Board determined that although the Board believed the price the Company paid for F&G was fair to, and in the best interests of, the Company and its stockholders, the Delaware court was unlikely to dismiss the action at the pleading stage, and, accordingly, the Board appointed a special litigation committee to investigate the claims and determine how the Company should respond. In addition to the Company indemnifying the directors and officers who were named as defendants in the lawsuit for their legal fees and expenses in defending the litigation and responding to the special litigation committee, the special litigation committee also retained its own independent legal and financial advisors at considerable expense to the Company. Ultimately, to avoid the time, burden, expense (estimated to be millions of additional dollars to take the case to trial), and uncertainty of litigation in Delaware, the matter was settled for, among other things, a payment of $20 million to the Company (see the Company’s Form 8-K dated April 5, 2022). The settlement payment was largely funded through D&O insurance proceeds, and the plaintiff’s counsel who filed the claims recovered a Fee and Expense Award of $4.4 million. Although the Company received the net proceeds of the settlement in this matter, except for the legal fees paid to plaintiff’s counsel, the Company’s D&O premium increased when subsequently renewed, in part, because of this settlement, increasing from approximately $3.68 million in 2021-22 to approximately $4.87 million in 2022-23 (and subsequently slightly decreasing due to a more favorable market for such coverage to $4.329 million in 2023-24). With respect to the Cayman Island appraisal litigation, the Company determined to handle the litigation differently. After a trial on a complete factual record, the Cayman Island court issued a post-trial decision finding that the price paid by the Company for F&G was fair and entered judgment in favor of the Company. The Board believes that the F&G case, with opposing stockholder claims concerning the fairness of a merger transaction price, illustrates the challenges a public company can face under Delaware law, with an active plaintiffs’ bar monitoring corporate transactions, which can often lead to substantial settlement payments—even where defendants believe that the claims lack merit—in order to avoid the uncertainty of litigation and the significant costs (both money and management time) associated with defending such claims. A summary of the Board’s additional considerations and reasons for its decision to recommend the Redomestication follows: MORE PREDICTABILITY AND CERTAINTY IN BOARD DECISION MAKING The Board believes Nevada law is more advantageous than Delaware law because Nevada courts follow a more statute-based approach to director and officer duties, that is less dependent upon the vagaries of judicial interpretation and therefore tends to be more stable, predictable and efficient than decisions rendered under Delaware law, which largely consists of judicial decisions that develop and potentially shift over time. Recent Delaware Chancery Court decisions have raised questions in the market about the predictability of the Delaware courts, thus, in the Board’s view, undermining what was previously touted as a significant benefit of incorporating in Delaware. Uncertainty as to what standards of conduct govern corporate decision making, and how a court may rule with respect to the propriety of a transaction after the fact, can have a chilling effect on corporate decision making, particularly where directors and officers face risk (even if unlikely) of personal liability, which could result in a company not engaging in transactions potentially beneficial to its stockholders. In addition, the imposition of onerous standards of post hoc judicial review, including standards that can preclude the possibility of obtaining dismissal of claims at the pleading stage, thereby encouraging litigation from the corporate plaintiff’s bar, can manufacture unnecessary friction and delay that may discourage pursuit of transactions the Board might otherwise believe to be in the best interests of the Company and its stockholders. The Board believes that Nevada’s statute-based approach provides greater certainty for corporate decision making, which, in turn will benefit our stockholders by reducing artificial friction or undue hesitation and allowing the Company to more fully consider and potentially enter advantageous business opportunities that our Board believes to be in the best interest of the Company and our stockholders. REDUCED LITIGATION RISK AND COSTS Delaware law provides that every person becoming a director or an officer of a Delaware corporation consents to the personal jurisdiction of the Delaware courts in connection with any action concerning the corporation. Accordingly, both directors and officers can be personally sued in Delaware. Similarly, Nevada law provides that every person who accepts election or appointment as a director or officer of a Nevada corporation consents to the personal jurisdiction of the Nevada courts in connection with all civil actions or proceedings brought in Nevada by, on behalf of, or against the entity in which the director or officer is a necessary or proper party, or in any action or proceeding against the director or officer for a violation of a duty in such capacity, whether or not the person continues to serve as a director or officer at the time the action or proceeding is commenced. The increasing frequency of claims and litigation directed towards directors and officers has greatly expanded the risks facing directors and officers of public companies in exercising their duties. This litigation can be time-consuming and burdensome, both for the directors and officers involved and other members of Company management and employees. It is also expensive, with the costs of such litigation often borne by the Company’s stockholders through, among other things, indemnification obligations, distraction to Company management and employees, and increased insurance premiums. Thus, while both Delaware and Nevada law provide for directors and officers to be sued for actions in their capacities as directors and officers, the Redomestication will potentially provide greater protection from litigation claims challenging corporate decisions and transactions, which, in turn, is expected to reduce the Company’s potential liability for significant litigation and insurance costs often associated with such claims. THE SIGNIFICANT COMPANY OPERATIONS ARE BASED IN THE WEST REGION OPERATING OUT OF NEVADA. Our overall operations -- particularly its direct title and escrow closing operations -- are administratively divided into West and East Regions, managed out of Nevada and Florida, respectively. The West Region has increasingly become the more active and dominant region for the Company in recent years. The states in the West Region include California, Nevada, Washington, Oregon, Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, Idaho, Utah, Montana and Hawaii. Consequently, the number of direct title open orders for 2022 totaled 924,490 in the West Region, compared to 509,487 in the East Region. The West Region was also predominant in 2023, with 683,064 direct title open orders, compared to 440,113 in the East Region in such year. The employees in the West Region for 2022 numbered 6210, versus 4064 employees for the East Region. Similarly, for 2023, employees in the West Region numbered 5703, versus 3757 in the East Region. We have approximately 563 employees in Nevada; in contrast, we have only four employees in our Delaware office and 13 employees working from their homes in Delaware, but reporting to other branches, primarily Pennsylvania. Furthermore, for the years between 2019-2023: (i) losses paid emanating from owned operations totaled $389,906,787 in the West Region, as compared to $128,994,638 in the East Region; (ii) expenses for processing claims emanating from owned operations totaled $262,491,459 in the West Region, as compared to $68,887,598 in the East Region; and (iii) net payments totaled $409,625,109 in the West Region, as compared to $178,072,688 in the East Region. In addition, of the Company’s historical top twenty claims, the total gross amounts paid are $561.8MM from the West Region, as compared to $114.1MM from the East Region. Our Treasury Department is also managed from Nevada, with the manager located in Las Vegas, involving approximately 100 wires a day, with about $500MM flowing through all the corporate operating accounts. This entails 104 banking relationships, involving negotiations over pricing, interest rates, products, and escalating high priority issues. This Nevada location is primarily responsible for managing banking relationships, most of which are located in the Pacific Time zone, and helping to settle situations on both sides of a transaction. Nevada has also become the primary venue for our major corporate events, including managers’ meetings, budget meetings and strategy meetings. Between 2018 and 2023 (except for the Covid time frame when no such meetings were held in person), approximately 3000 employees, including our most senior officers and managers, attended such corporate events in Nevada, thus significantly surpassing the number of employees attending major corporate events in other states during this period. During the same time frame, there was only one such meeting in Delaware attended by five employees. ATTRACTING QUALIFIED DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS Although both Delaware and Nevada law afford some protections to directors and officers in the form of exculpation from potential liability for money damages for certain acts in their capacities as directors and officers, Nevada law affords potentially greater protections. Specifically, Delaware law permits a corporation to adopt provisions limiting or eliminating the liability of a director to a company and its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of the duty of care, but not for breach of the duty of loyalty, acts or omissions not in good faith or which involve intentional misconduct, or a knowing violation of law. Moreover, pursuant to a recent amendment to the DGCL, similar protections can be extended to senior officers of Delaware corporations in certain circumstances, but officers cannot be protected to the same degree as directors. For example, the DGCL does not permit a corporation to exculpate officers for breaches of the duty of care in claims asserted derivatively. By contrast, Nevada law permits a broader exclusion of individual liability of both officers and directors to a company and its stockholders. Specifically, under Nevada law, unless the articles of incorporation provide for greater individual liability, a director or officer is not individually liable to the corporation or its stockholders or creditors for any damages as a result of any act or failure to act in their capacity as a director or officer unless (a) the presumption that the director or officer acted in good faith, on an informed basis and with a view to the interests of the company, has been rebutted, and (b) it is proven that (i) the director’s or officer’s act or failure to act constituted a breach of their fiduciary duties as a director or officer, and (ii) such breach involved intentional misconduct, fraud or a knowing violation of law. The Nevada Articles of Incorporation (the Nevada Charter) provide that, to the fullest extent permitted by the Nevada Revised Statutes (as amended from time to time, the NRS), the liability of directors and officers of the Company shall be eliminated or limited. Thus, as a practical matter, for any acts occurring after the Redomestication, the Redomestication will generally result in, among other things, the elimination of any liability of an officer or director for a breach of fiduciary duty unless arising from intentional misconduct, fraud, or a knowing violation of law. By reducing the risk of lawsuits being filed against the Company’s directors and officers, the Board believes the Redomestication may, among other things, help us attract and retain qualified management and directors. TAX OBLIGATIONS The Redomestication will eliminate our obligation to pay the annual Delaware franchise tax, which we expect will result in substantial savings to the Company over the long term. For Fiscal 2023, we paid approximately $250,000 in Delaware franchise taxes. We anticipate that, if we remain a Delaware Corporation, for Fiscal 2024, our Delaware franchise taxes will be approximately the same as 2023 (based on our current capital structure and assets). By comparison, if we redomesticate in Nevada, our current annual fees will consist of an annual Nevada state business license fee of $500, and the current fee for filing the Company’s annual list of directors and officers, based on the number of authorized shares and their par value, would equal to $400. * * * In summary, for the reasons discussed above and throughout this proxy statement, the Board believes that the Redomestication is in the best interests of the Company and its stockholders. Nevada is an important state for the Company’s business in ways that Delaware is not, and is expected to remain so for the foreseeable future. Furthermore, in the Board’s view, the increased certainty offered by Nevada law around corporate decision making for transactions that the Board determines to be in the best interest of the Company and its stockholders, coupled with an expected reduction in the risk of litigation challenging those transactions (except in the specific circumstances recognized by Nevada law), will promote the pursuit of value-maximizing business strategies, reduce the Company’s exposure to the substantial costs of corporate litigation and enhance stockholder value over the long term. There are currently no known pending claims or lawsuits against any of our directors or officers for breach of fiduciary duty related to their service as directors or officers of the Company. Nevertheless, in reaching its decision to approve the Redomestication and to recommend that our stockholders vote in favor of this proposal, the Board was aware and considered that a potential litigant might argue, and a court could determine, under Delaware law, that the directors and officers of the Company have an interest in the Redomestication to the extent that it might afford them greater limitations on liability under Nevada law for acts in their capacities as directors and officers occurring after the Redomestication. Nevertheless, as set forth above, the Board believes that the interests of the Company and its stockholders will greatly benefit from, the proposed Redomestication, and therefore that the Redomestication is fully justified on such grounds and in the best interests of the Company and its stockholders, irrespective of any potential benefit to our directors and officers. As also discussed above, the Redomestication could potentially provide us greater flexibility to consider and engage in certain types of corporate transactions that might provide stockholders an opportunity to realize greater value for their shares in the Company that the Board determines to be in the best interests of our stockholders. Nevada has enacted a statute codifying the business judgment rule and this statute has been interpreted by the Nevada Supreme Court as mandating application of the business judgment rule to transactions that, under Delaware law, may be subject to judicial review under the entire fairness standard. As a result, the Redomestication may allow the Company to accomplish certain types of transactions with a reduced risk of litigation and/or a court overturning the business decisions of our Board, to the detriment of the Company and its stockholders. No such transactions potentially implicating the entire fairness standard under Delaware law are currently being discussed or considered by the Board. Consequently, the Redomestication is not being proposed to prevent a change in control, or as a response to any present attempt known to the Board to acquire control of the Company or obtain representation on the Board. Nevertheless, certain effects of the proposed Redomestication may be considered to have anti-takeover implications by virtue of being subject to Nevada law. See “Anti-Takeover Implications of the Redomestication” below for additional information. PRINCIPAL TERMS OF THE REDOMESTICATION The Redomestication would be effected through a conversion pursuant to Section 266 of the DGCL as set forth in the Plan of Conversion, which is included as Annex A to this proxy statement. Approval of this Proposal 2 will constitute approval of the Plan of Conversion and the other documents contemplated by the Redomestication. The Plan of Conversion provides that we will convert from a Delaware corporation into a Nevada corporation pursuant to Section 266 of the DGCL and Sections 92A.195 and 92A.205 of the NRS. Pursuant to Section 92A.250 of the NRS, the Redomestication is a continuation of the existence of the constituent entity. The Plan of Conversion provides that, upon the Redomestication, each outstanding share of common stock of the Delaware Corporation will be automatically converted into one outstanding share of common stock of the Nevada Corporation. Securityholders will not have to exchange their existing stock certificates for new stock certificates. At the same time, upon the Redomestication, each outstanding right to acquire shares of common stock of the Delaware Corporation will automatically become a right to acquire an equal number of shares of common stock of the Nevada Corporation under the same terms and conditions. At the Effective Time (as defined herein) of the Redomestication, the common stock will continue to be traded on New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “FNF.” The Redomestication is not expected to cause any interruption in the trading of FNF’s common stock. We have multiple series of senior unsecured notes outstanding under an indenture dated as of December 8, 2005, as to which The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., serves as trustee, and we intend to seek the consent of noteholders to provide that the Redomestication is permitted under each such series. The Board currently intends that the Redomestication will occur as soon as practicable following the Annual Meeting. If the Redomestication is approved by our stockholders, it is anticipated that the Redomestication will become effective at the date and time (the Effective Time) specified in each of (i) the Articles of Conversion to be executed and filed with the office of the Nevada Secretary of State in accordance with NRS 92A.205; and (ii) the Certificate of Conversion to be executed and filed with the Office of the Secretary of State of Delaware in accordance with Section 262 of the DGCL. However, the Redomestication may be delayed by the Board, or the Plan of Conversion may be terminated and abandoned by action of the Board, at any time prior to the Effective Time of the Redomestication, whether before or after the approval by the Company’s stockholders, should the Board determine for any reason that the consummation of the Redomestication should be delayed or terminated because it is inadvisable or not in the best interests of the Company and its stockholders, as the case may be, including in the event that the Board should determine that the appropriate consents under the indenture pursuant to which our outstanding senior notes were issued cannot be obtained on terms which, in our sole discretion, are commercially reasonable. EFFECTS OF THE REDOMESTICATION Following the Redomestication, the Company will be governed by the NRS instead of the DGCL, as well as by the form of the Nevada Charter and the form of Nevada Bylaws (the Nevada Bylaws), included as Annex B and Annex C, respectively, to this proxy statement. Approval of this Proposal 2 will constitute approval of the Nevada Charter and Nevada Bylaws. Our current Fifth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (the Delaware Charter), and our current Fifth Amended and Restated Bylaws (as amended, the Delaware Bylaws) will no longer be applicable following completion of the Redomestication. Copies of the Delaware Charter and Delaware Bylaws are available as Exhibits 3.1 and 3.2 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, which is available to the public over the Internet at the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov. Following completion of the Redomestication, in addition to being governed by the Nevada Charter, Nevada Bylaws and the NRS, the Company will continue to exist in the form of a Nevada corporation. By virtue of the Redomestication, all the rights, privileges, and powers of the Delaware Corporation, and all property, real, personal, and mixed, and all debts due to the Delaware Corporation, as well as all other things and causes of action belonging to the Delaware Corporation, will remain vested in the Nevada Corporation and will be the property of the Nevada Corporation. In addition, all debts, liabilities, and duties of the Delaware Corporation will remain attached to the Nevada Corporation and may be enforced against the Nevada Corporation. There will be no change in our business, properties, assets, liabilities, obligations, or management because of the Redomestication. Similarly, our directors and officers immediately prior to the Redomestication will continue to serve in the same capacity immediately following the completion of the Redomestication. We will also continue to maintain our headquarters in Jacksonville, Florida, and our Western Region headquarters in Las Vegas, Nevada. NO SECURITIES ACT CONSEQUENCES The Company will continue to be a publicly held company following completion of the Redomestication, and its common stock will continue to be listed on the New York Stock Exchange and traded under the symbol “FNF.” The Company will continue to file required periodic reports and other documents with the SEC. There is not expected to be any interruption in the trading of the common stock as a result of the Redomestication. We and our stockholders will be in the same respective positions under the federal securities laws after the Redomestication as we and our stockholders were prior to the Redomestication. KEY DIFFERENCES BETWEEN DELAWARE CHARTER AND BYLAWS AND THE NEVADA CHARTER AND BYLAWS The Nevada Charter and Nevada Bylaws differ in several respects from the Delaware Charter and Delaware Bylaws, respectively. Set forth below is a table summarizing certain material differences in the rights of our stockholders under Nevada and Delaware law, and under the respective charters and bylaws. This chart does not attempt to address each difference, but instead focuses on those differences which we believe are most relevant and material to our stockholders. This chart is qualified in its entirety by reference to the NRS, the Nevada Charter, the Nevada Bylaws, the DGCL, the Delaware Charter and the Delaware Bylaws. COMPARISON OF STOCKHOLDER RIGHTS UNDER DELAWARE AND NEVADA LAW The rights of our stockholders are currently governed by the DGCL, the Delaware Charter and the Delaware Bylaws. Following completion of the Redomestication, the rights of the Company’s stockholders will be governed by the NRS, the Nevada Charter and the Nevada Bylaws. The statutory corporate laws of Nevada, as governed by the NRS, are similar in many respects to those of Delaware, as governed by the DGCL. However, there are certain differences that may affect your rights as a stockholder, as well as the corporate governance of the Company. The following are brief summaries of material differences between the current rights of stockholders of the Company and the rights of stockholders of the Company following completion of the Redomestication. The following discussion does not provide a complete description of the differences that may affect your rights as a stockholder. This summary is qualified in its entirety by reference to the NRS and DGCL as well as to the Delaware Charter and Delaware Bylaws and the Nevada Charter and Nevada Bylaws. INCREASING OR DECREASING AUTHORIZED CAPITAL STOCK Under both Delaware and Nevada law, stockholders must approve an increase or decrease in the number of authorized shares in accordance with the provisions of the applicable statutes. The NRS also allows the board of directors of a Nevada corporation, unless otherwise provided in the articles of incorporation, to increase or decrease the number of authorized shares of a class or series of the corporation’s shares and correspondingly effect a forward or reverse split of the same class or series of the corporation’s shares (and change the par value thereof) without a vote of the stockholders, as long as the action taken (i) does not adversely change or alter any right or preference of the stockholders and does not include any provision[s] pursuant to which only money will be paid or scrip issued to stockholders who hold 10% or more of the outstanding shares of the affected class and series, and (ii) who would otherwise be entitled to receive fractions of shares in exchange for the cancellation of all of their outstanding shares. Delaware law has no similar provision. In such circumstances, the proposed increase or decrease must be approved by the stockholders holding a majority of the voting power of the affected class or series. The Nevada Charter does not otherwise provide. CLASSIFIED BOARD OF DIRECTORS The DGCL permits any Delaware corporation to classify its board of directors into as many as three classes with staggered terms of office. If this is done, the stockholders elect only one class each year and each class would have a term of office of three years. The Delaware Charter and Delaware Bylaws also provide for a classified board of directors, with only one class elected each year, each to serve a term of three years in office. The NRS also permits any Nevada corporation to classify its board of directors into any number of classes with staggered terms of office, as long as at least one-fourth of the total number of directors is elected annually. The Nevada Charter and Nevada Bylaws also provide for a classified board of directors, and thus our stockholders will continue to elect one class of directors each year for a three-year term following the consummation of the Redomestication. CUMULATIVE VOTING Cumulative voting for directors entitles each stockholder to cast a number of votes that is equal to the number of voting shares held by such stockholder, multiplied by the number of directors to be elected, and to cast all such votes for one nominee or distribute such votes among up to as many candidates as there are positions to be filled. Cumulative voting may enable a minority stockholder or group of stockholders to elect at least one representative to the board of directors where such stockholders would not be able to elect any directors without cumulative voting. Although the DGCL does not generally grant stockholders cumulative voting rights, a Delaware corporation may provide in its certificate of incorporation for cumulative voting in the election of directors. The NRS also permits any Nevada corporation to provide in its articles of incorporation the right to cumulative voting in the election of directors if certain procedures are followed. The Delaware Charter does not provide for cumulative voting in the election of directors. Similarly, the Nevada Charter does not provide for cumulative voting. VACANCIES Under both the DGCL and the NRS, subject to the certificate or articles of incorporation and bylaws, vacancies on the board of directors, including those resulting from any increase in the authorized number of directors, may be filled by the affirmative vote of a majority of the remaining directors then in office, even if less than a quorum. Any director so appointed will hold office for the remainder of the term of the director no longer on the board. Both the Delaware Charter and Nevada Bylaws follow this default provision. REMOVAL OF DIRECTORS Under the DGCL, the holders of a majority of shares of each class entitled to vote at an election of directors may vote to remove any director or the entire board without cause unless (i) the board is a classified board, in which case directors may be removed only for cause, or (ii) the corporation has cumulative voting, in which case, if less than the entire board is to be removed, no director may be removed without cause if the votes cast against their removal would be sufficient to elect him or her. Currently, as permitted by the DGCL when a company’s board of directors is classified, the Delaware Charter provides that directors may be removed only for cause and only by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company then entitled to vote generally in the election of directors. However, the NRS does not make a distinction between removal for or without cause, and, therefore, the Nevada Corporation will permit removal with or without cause. The NRS requires the vote of the holders of at least two-thirds of the shares or class or series of shares of the issued and outstanding stock entitled to vote at an election of directors in order to remove a director or all of the directors. The Nevada Bylaws will afford stockholders the ability to remove directors without cause, which right does not exist currently for the Company’s stockholders. FIDUCIARY DUTIES AND BUSINESS JUDGMENT Nevada, like most jurisdictions, requires that directors and officers of Nevada corporations exercise their powers in good faith and with a view to the interests of the corporation but, unlike some other jurisdictions (such as Delaware), fiduciary duties of directors and officers are codified in the NRS. As a matter of statute directors and officers are presumed to act in good faith, on an informed basis and with a view to the interests of the corporation in making business decisions. In performing such duties, directors and officers may exercise their business judgment through reliance on information, opinions, reports, financial statements and other financial data prepared or presented by corporate directors, officers or employees who are reasonably believed to be reliable and competent. Reliance may also be based upon: (i) advice or information provided by legal counsel, public accountants, advisers, bankers or other persons reasonably believed to be competent; and (ii) the work of a committee (on which the particular director or officer does not serve) if the committee was established and empowered by the corporation’s board of directors, and if the committee’s work was within its designated authority and relates to matters on which the committee was reasonably believed to merit confidence. However, directors and officers may not rely on such information, opinions, reports, books of account or similar statements if they have knowledge concerning the matter in question that would make such reliance unwarranted. Under Delaware law, members of the board of directors or any committee designated by the board of directors are similarly entitled to rely in good faith upon the records of the corporation and upon such information, opinions, reports and statements presented to the corporation by corporate officers, employees, committees of the board of directors or other persons as to matters such member reasonably believes are within such other person’s professional or expert competence, provided that such other person has been selected with reasonable care by or on behalf of the corporation. Such appropriate reliance on records and other information protects directors from liability related to decisions made based on such records and other information. Both Delaware and Nevada law extend the statutory protection for reliance on such persons to corporate officers. The Nevada directors and officers will, therefore, be subject to their statutory duties and protections as set forth above. FLEXIBILITY FOR DECISIONS, INCLUDING TAKEOVERS Nevada provides directors with more discretion than Delaware in making corporate decisions, including decisions made in takeover situations. Under Nevada law, director and officer actions taken in response to a change or potential change in control are generally protected by the statutory business judgment rule. However, in the case of an action to resist a change or potential change in control that impedes the rights of stockholders to vote for or remove directors, directors will only be given the benefit of the presumption of the business judgment rule if the directors have reasonable grounds to believe a threat to corporate policy and effectiveness exists, and if the action taken that impedes the exercise of the stockholders’ rights is reasonable in relation to such threat. In exercising their powers, including in response to a change or potential change of control, directors and officers of Nevada corporations may consider all relevant facts, circumstances, contingencies or constituencies, which may include, without limitation, the effect of the decision on several corporate constituencies in addition to the stockholders, including the corporation’s employees, suppliers, creditors and customers, the economy of the state and nation, the interests of the community and society in general, and the long-term as well as short-term interests of the corporation and its stockholders, including the possibility that these interests may be best served by the continued independence of the corporation. The NRS specifically states that such directors and officers are not required to consider the effect of a proposed corporate action upon any constituent as a dominant factor. Further, a director may resist a change or potential change in control of the corporation if the board of directors determines that the change or potential change of control is opposed to or not in the best interest of the corporation, upon consideration of any relevant facts, circumstances, contingencies or constituencies, including that there are reasonable grounds to believe that, within a reasonable time the corporation or any successor would be or become insolvent and subjected to bankruptcy proceedings. Significantly, the DGCL does not provide a similar list of statutory factors that corporate directors and officers may consider in making decisions. Instead, in a number of cases and in certain situations, Delaware law has been interpreted to provide that fiduciary duties require directors to accept an offer from the highest bidder regardless of the effect of such sale on the corporate constituencies other than the stockholders. Thus, the flexibility granted to directors of Nevada corporations when making business decisions, including in the context of a hostile takeover, are significantly greater than those granted to directors of Delaware corporations. In light of the Nevada constituency statute, our Board will have greater discretion in determining the appropriate factors to take into consideration when making corporate decisions, than they currently have under Delaware law. LIMITATION ON PERSONAL LIABILITY OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS The NRS and the DGCL each, by way of statutory provisions or permitted provisions in corporate charter documents, eliminate or limit the personal liability of directors and officers to the corporation or their stockholders for monetary damages for breach of a director’s fiduciary duty, subject to the differences discussed below. The DGCL permits corporations to adopt charter provisions exculpating directors from monetary liability to the corporation and its stockholders for breaches of the directors’ duty of care, but the statute precludes liability limitation for breach of the duty of loyalty, acts or omissions not in good faith or involving intentional misconduct and for paying dividends or repurchasing stock out of other than lawfully available funds. With respect to a corporation’s most senior officers namely, the chief executive officer, president, chief financial officer, chief operating officer, chief legal officer, controller, treasurer and chief accounting officer, as well as any other persons identified as “named executive officers” in the Company’s most recent SEC filings or who otherwise consent to jurisdiction under Delaware’s long-arm statute applicable to directors and officers of Delaware corporations the DGCL authorizes similar limitations of liability, but only in connection with direct claims brought by stockholders, including class actions. The DGCL does not, however, authorize a limitation on liability of officers for breach of fiduciary duty arising out of claims brought by the corporation itself or for derivative claims brought by stockholders in the name of the corporation. Under the NRS, in order for a director or officer to be individually liable to the corporation or its stockholders or creditors for damages as a result of any act or failure to act, the presumption of the business judgment rule must be rebutted and it must be proven that the director’s or officer’s act or failure to act constituted a breach of their fiduciary duties as a director or officer, and that the breach of those duties involved intentional misconduct, fraud or a knowing violation of law. Unlike the DGCL, however, the limitation on director and officer liability under the NRS does not distinguish the duty of loyalty or transaction from which a director derives an improper personal benefit, but does, pursuant to NRS 78.300, impose limited personal liability on directors for distributions made in violation of NRS 78.288. Further, the NRS permits a corporation to renounce in its articles of incorporation any interest or expectancy to participate in specific or specified classes or categories of business opportunities. Both the DGCL and the NRS permit limitation of liability which applies to both directors and officers, though the NRS also expressly applies this limitation to liabilities owed to creditors of the corporation. Furthermore, under the NRS, it is not necessary for a corporation to adopt provisions in its articles of incorporation limiting personal liability of directors or officers, as this limitation is provided by statute. The Delaware Charter provides for exculpation of directors to the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL. As described above, the NRS provides broader protection from personal liability for directors and officers than the DGCL. The Nevada Charter provides a limitation to director and officer liability to the fullest extent permitted by Nevada law. The Delaware Charter, in contrast, does not provide for exculpation of directors and officers as described above under Nevada law. INDEMNIFICATION The NRS and the DGCL each have statutory mechanisms that permit corporations to indemnify directors, officers, employees and agents in similar circumstances, subject to the differences discussed below. In suits that are not brought by or in the right of the corporation, both jurisdictions’ statutory indemnification mechanisms permit a corporation to indemnify current and former directors, officers, employees and agents for attorneys’ fees and other expenses, judgments and amounts paid in settlement that the person actually and reasonably incurred in connection with the action, suit or proceeding. The person seeking indemnity may recover under these statutory provisions as long as they acted in good faith and believed their actions were either in the best interests of or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation. Under the indemnification mechanism provided under the NRS, the person seeking indemnity may also be indemnified if they are not held liable for breach of their fiduciary duties. Similarly, with respect to a criminal proceeding, the person seeking indemnification must not have had any reasonable cause to believe their conduct was unlawful. The articles of incorporation may provide for further indemnification than that described in the statutory mechanism provided under the NRS. In derivative suits, a corporation in either jurisdiction may indemnify its directors, officers, employees or agents for expenses that the person actually and reasonably incurred. A corporation may not indemnify a person if the person was adjudged to be liable to the corporation unless a court otherwise orders. Under the statutory indemnification mechanism in either jurisdiction, no corporation may indemnify a party unless it decides that indemnification is proper. Under the DGCL, the corporation through its stockholders, directors or independent legal counsel will determine whether the conduct of the person seeking indemnity conformed to the statutory provisions governing indemnity. Similarly, under the statutory indemnification mechanisms under the NRS, the corporation through its stockholders, directors or independent counsel must determine that the indemnification is proper. The indemnification pursuant to the statutory mechanisms available under the NRS, as described above, does not exclude any other rights to which a person seeking indemnification or advancement of expenses may be entitled under the articles of incorporation or any bylaw, agreement, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors or otherwise. However, unless otherwise ordered by a court, indemnification may not be made to or on behalf of any director or officer finally adjudged by a court of competent jurisdiction, after exhaustion of any appeals taken therefrom, to be liable for intentional misconduct, fraud or a knowing violation of law, and such misconduct, fraud or violation was material to the cause of action. Both the Delaware Charter and the Nevada Charter provide for indemnification to the fullest extent permitted by their respective laws, which is necessary to ensure that we can attract high quality and experienced directors. ADVANCEMENT OF EXPENSES The DGCL and NRS have substantially similar provisions regarding indemnification by a corporation of its officers, directors, employees and agents. The DGCL provides that expenses incurred by an officer or director in defending any civil, criminal, administrative or investigative action, suit or proceeding may be paid by the corporation in advance of the final disposition of such action, suit or proceeding, upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of such director or officer to repay the amount if it is ultimately determined that they are not entitled to be indemnified by the corporation as authorized under the DGCL. A Delaware corporation has the discretion to decide whether or not to advance such defense expenses, unless its certificate of incorporation or bylaws provide for mandatory advancement. The NRS similarly provides that unless otherwise restricted by the articles of incorporation, the bylaws or an agreement made by the corporation, the corporation may pay defense expenses of a director or officer in advance of the final disposition of the action, suit or proceeding, upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of the director or officer to repay the amount if it is ultimately determined by a court of competent jurisdiction that they are not entitled to be indemnified by the corporation. Similar to Delaware, such advancement of expenses would be discretionary unless the articles of incorporation, the bylaws, or an agreement made by the corporation require the corporation to pay such expenses upon receipt of such an undertaking. DIRECTOR COMPENSATION The DGCL does not have a specific statute governing either the establishment of director compensation, or the fairness of director compensation. In contrast, the NRS provides that, unless otherwise provided in the articles of incorporation or bylaws, the board of directors, without regard to personal interest, may establish the compensation of directors for services in any capacity. If the board of directors so establishes the compensation of directors, such compensation is presumed to be fair to the corporation unless proven unfair by a preponderance of the evidence. The Company’s Board after Redomestication will establish the compensation of its directors, as it did before the Redomestication. ACTION BY WRITTEN CONSENT OF DIRECTORS Both the DGCL and NRS provide that, unless the articles or certificate of incorporation or the bylaws provide otherwise, any action required or permitted to be taken at a meeting of the directors or a committee thereof may be taken without a meeting if all members of the board or committee, as the case may be, consent to the action in writing. Neither the Delaware Charter or Delaware Bylaws, nor the Nevada Charter or Nevada Bylaws, limit the type or nature of a board action taken by written consent. ACTIONS BY WRITTEN CONSENT OF STOCKHOLDERS Both the DGCL and NRS provide that, unless the articles or certificate of incorporation provide otherwise, any action required or permitted to be taken at a meeting of the stockholders may be taken without a meeting if the holders of outstanding stock, having at least the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take the action at a meeting of stockholders, consent to the action in writing. In addition, the DGCL requires the corporation to give prompt notice of the taking of corporate action without a meeting by less than unanimous written consent to those stockholders who did not consent in writing. There is no equivalent notice requirement under the NRS. The NRS also permits a corporation to prohibit stockholder action by written consent in lieu of a meeting of stockholders by including such prohibition in its articles of incorporation or bylaws. The Delaware Charter and Bylaws provide that any stockholder may act by written consent if such consent is signed by holder of not less than minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take the corporate action at a meeting at which all shares entitled to vote thereon were present and voted, so long as action is taken in accordance with the Delaware Charter. The Nevada Bylaws contain a substantially similar provision. DIVIDENDS AND DISTRIBUTIONS Delaware law is more restrictive than Nevada law with respect to dividend payments. Unless further restricted in the certificate of incorporation, the DGCL permits a corporation to declare and pay dividends out of either (i) surplus, or (ii) if no surplus exists, out of net profits for the fiscal year in which the dividend is declared and/or the preceding fiscal year (provided that the amount of capital of the corporation is not less than the aggregate amount of the capital represented by the issued and outstanding stock of all classes having a preference upon the distribution of assets). The DGCL defines surplus as the excess, at any time, of the net assets of a corporation over its stated capital. In addition, the DGCL provides that a corporation may redeem or repurchase its shares only when the capital of the corporation is not impaired and only if such redemption or repurchase would not cause any impairment of the capital of the corporation. The NRS provides that no distribution (including dividends on, or redemption or purchases of, shares of capital stock or distributions of indebtedness) may be made if, after giving effect to such distribution, (i) the corporation would not be able to pay its debts as they become due in the usual course of business, or, (ii) except as otherwise specifically permitted by the articles of incorporation, the corporation’s total assets would be less than the sum of its total liabilities plus the amount that would be needed at the time of a dissolution to satisfy the preferential rights of preferred stockholders (this clause (ii) condition, the Balance Sheet Test). Directors may consider financial statements prepared on the basis of accounting practices that are reasonable under the circumstances, a fair valuation, including but not limited to unrealized appreciation and depreciation, and any other method that is reasonable under the circumstances. The Nevada Charter does not, however, eliminate the Company’s requirement to comply with the Balance Sheet Test with respect to any distribution. The payment of dividends following the consummation of the Redomestication will be within the discretion of the Board. The Board anticipates that the Company will pay dividends in the foreseeable future. RESTRICTIONS ON BUSINESS COMBINATIONS Both Delaware and Nevada law provide certain protections to stockholders in connection with certain business combinations. These protections can be found in Section 203 of the DGCL, and NRS 78.411 through 78.444. Under Section 203 of the DGCL, certain “business combinations” with “interested stockholders” of the Company are subject to a three-year moratorium unless specified conditions are met. For purposes of Section 203, the term “business combination” is defined broadly to include (i) mergers with or caused by the interested stockholder; (ii) sales or other dispositions to the interested stockholder (except proportionately with the corporation’s other stockholders) of assets of the corporation or a subsidiary equal to 10% or more of the aggregate market value of either the corporation’s consolidated assets or its outstanding stock; (iii) the issuance or transfer by the corporation or a subsidiary of stock of the corporation or such subsidiary to the interested stockholder (except for transfers in a conversion or exchange or a pro rata distribution or certain other transactions, none of which increase the interested stockholder’s proportionate ownership of any class or series of the corporation’s or such subsidiary’s stock); or (iv) receipt by the interested stockholder (except proportionately as a stockholder), directly or indirectly, of any loans, advances, guarantees, pledges or other financial benefits provided by or through the corporation or a subsidiary. The three-year moratorium imposed on business combinations by Section 203 of the DGCL does not apply if: (i) prior to the time on which such stockholder becomes an interested stockholder the board of directors approves either the business combination or the transaction which resulted in the person becoming an interested stockholder; (ii) the interested stockholder owns 85% of the corporation’s voting stock upon consummation of the transaction that made him or her an interested stockholder (excluding from the 85% calculation shares owned by directors who are also officers of the target corporation and shares held by employee stock plans that do not permit employees to decide confidentially whether to accept a tender or exchange offer); or (iii) at or after the time on which such stockholder becomes an interested stockholder, the board approves the business combination and it is also approved at a stockholder meeting by at least two-thirds (66-2/3%) of the outstanding voting stock not owned by the interested stockholder. In contrast, the NRS imposes a maximum moratorium of two years versus Delaware’s three-year moratorium on business combinations. However, NRS 78.411 through 78.444 regulate business combinations more stringently. First, an interested stockholder is defined as a beneficial owner of 10% or more of the voting power. Second, the two-year moratorium can be lifted only by advance approval of the combination or the transaction by which such person first becomes an interested stockholder by a corporation’s board of directors or unless the combination is approved by the board and 60% of the corporation’s voting power not beneficially owned by the interested stockholder, its affiliates and associates, as opposed to Delaware’s provision that allows interested stockholder combinations with stockholder approval at the time of such combination. Finally, after the two-year period, a combination remains prohibited unless (i) it is approved by the board of directors, the disinterested stockholders or a majority of the outstanding voting power not beneficially owned by the interested stockholder and its affiliates and associates or (ii) the interested stockholders satisfy certain fair value requirements. But note that these statutes do not apply to any combination of a corporation and an interested stockholder after the expiration of four years after the person first became an interested stockholder. These combinations statutes in Nevada apply only to Nevada corporations with 200 or more stockholders of record. Companies are entitled to opt out of the business combination provisions of the DGCL and NRS. The Company has opted into the business combination provisions of Section 203 of the DGCL and the Company opts into the business combination provisions of NRS 78.411 through 78.444 under the Nevada Charter. Any opt-out of the business combinations provisions of the NRS must be contained in an amendment to the Nevada Charter approved by a majority of the outstanding voting power not then owned by interested stockholders, but the amendment would not be effective until 18 months after the vote of the stockholders to approve the amendment, and would not apply to any combination with a person who first became an interested stockholder on or before the effective date of the amendment. ACQUISITION OF CONTROLLING INTERESTS In addition to the restrictions on business combinations with interested stockholders, Nevada law also protects the corporation and its stockholders from persons acquiring a “controlling interest” in a corporation. The provisions can be found in NRS 78.378 through 78.3793. Delaware law does not have similar provisions. Pursuant to NRS 78.379, any person who acquires a controlling interest in a corporation may not exercise voting rights on any control shares unless such voting rights are conferred by a majority vote of the disinterested stockholders of the issuing corporation at a special meeting of such stockholders held upon the request and at the expense of the acquiring person. NRS 78.3785 provides that a “controlling interest” means the ownership of outstanding voting shares of an issuing corporation sufficient to enable the acquiring person, individually or in association with others, directly or indirectly, to exercise (i) one fifth or more but less than one third, (ii) one third or more but less than a majority or (iii) a majority or more of the voting power of the issuing corporation in the election of directors, and once an acquirer crosses one of these thresholds, shares which it acquired in the transaction taking it over the threshold and within the 90 days immediately preceding the date when the acquiring person acquired or offered to acquire a controlling interest become “control shares” to which the voting restrictions described above apply. In the event that the control shares are accorded full voting rights and the acquiring person acquires control shares with a majority or more of all the voting power, any stockholder, other than the acquiring person, who does not vote in favor of authorizing voting rights for the control shares is entitled to demand payment for the fair value of such person’s shares, and the corporation must comply with the demand. NRS 78.378(1) provides that the control share statutes of the NRS do not apply to any acquisition of a controlling interest in an issuing corporation if the articles of incorporation or bylaws of the corporation in effect on the 10th day following the acquisition of a controlling interest by the acquiring person provide that the provisions of those sections do not apply to the corporation or to an acquisition of a controlling interest specifically by types of existing or future stockholders, whether or not identified. In addition, NRS 78.3788 provides that the controlling interest statutes apply as of a particular date only to a corporation that has 200 or more stockholders of record, at least 100 of whom have addresses in Nevada appearing on the corporation’s stock ledger at all times during the 90 days immediately preceding that date, and which does business directly or indirectly or through an affiliated corporation in Nevada. NRS 78.378(2) provides that the corporation, by virtue of its articles of incorporation, bylaws or resolutions adopted by directors, may impose stricter requirements if it so desires. Corporations are entitled to opt out of the above controlling interest provisions of the NRS. In the Nevada Charter and the Nevada Bylaws, the Company does not opt out of these provisions. STOCKHOLDER VOTE FOR MERGERS AND OTHER CORPORATE REORGANIZATIONS Under the DGCL, unless the certificate of incorporation specifies a higher percentage, the stockholders of a corporation that is being acquired in a merger or sale involving substantially all of its assets must authorize such merger or sale of assets by vote of an absolute majority of outstanding shares entitled to vote. The corporation’s board of directors must also approve such transaction. Similarly, under the NRS, a merger or sale of all assets requires authorization by stockholders of the corporation being acquired or selling its assets by at least a majority of the voting power of the outstanding shares entitled to vote, as well as approval of such corporation’s board of directors. Although a substantial body of case law has been developed in Delaware as to what constitutes the “sale of substantially all of the assets” of a corporation, it is difficult to determine the point at which a sale of virtually all, but less than all, of a corporation’s assets would be considered a “sale of all of the assets” of the corporation for purposes of Nevada law. It is possible that many sales of less than all of the assets of a corporation requiring stockholder authorization under Delaware law would not require stockholder authorization under Nevada law. The DGCL and NRS have substantially similar provisions with respect to approval by stockholders of a surviving corporation in a merger. The DGCL does not require a stockholder vote of a constituent corporation in a merger (unless the corporation provides otherwise in its certificate of incorporation) if (i) the plan of merger does not amend the existing certificate of incorporation, (ii) each share of stock of such constituent corporation outstanding immediately before the effective date of the merger is an identical outstanding share after the effective date of merger and (iii) either no shares of the common stock of the surviving corporation and no shares, securities or obligations convertible into such stock are to be issued or delivered under the plan of merger, or the authorized unissued shares or treasury shares of the common stock of the surviving corporation to be issued or delivered under the plan of merger, plus those initially issuable upon conversion of any other shares, securities or obligations to be issued or delivered under such plan, do not exceed 20% of the shares of common stock of such constituent corporation outstanding immediately prior to the effective date of the merger. The NRS does not require a stockholder vote of the surviving corporation in a merger under substantially similar circumstances. The Delaware Charter does not require a higher percentage to vote to approve certain corporate transactions. The Nevada Charter also does not specify a higher percentage. APPRAISAL OR DISSENTER’S RIGHTS In both jurisdictions, dissenting stockholders of a corporation engaged in certain major corporate transactions are entitled to appraisal rights. Appraisal or dissenter’s rights permit a stockholder to receive cash generally equal to the fair value of the stockholder’s shares (as determined by agreement of the parties or by a court) in lieu of the consideration such stockholder would otherwise receive in any such transaction. Under Section 262 of the DGCL, appraisal rights are generally available for the shares of any class or series of stock of a Delaware corporation in a merger, consolidation or conversion, provided that no appraisal rights are available with respect to shares of any class or series of stock if, at the record date for the meeting held to approve such transaction, such shares of stock, or depositary receipts in respect thereof, are either (i) listed on a national securities exchange or (ii) held of record by more than 2,000 holders, unless the stockholders receive in exchange for their shares anything other than shares of stock of the surviving or resulting corporation (or depositary receipts in respect thereof), or of any other corporation that is listed on a national securities exchange or held by more than 2,000 holders of record, cash in lieu of fractional shares or fractional depositary receipts described above or any combination of the foregoing. In addition, Section 262 of the DGCL allows beneficial owners of shares to file a petition for appraisal without the need to name a nominee holding such shares on behalf of such owner as a nominal plaintiff and makes it easier than under Nevada law to withdraw from the appraisal process and accept the terms offered in the merger, consolidation or conversion. Under the DGCL, no appraisal rights are available to stockholders of the surviving or resulting corporation if the merger did not require their approval. The Delaware Charter and Delaware Bylaws do not provide for appraisal rights in addition to those provided by the DGCL. Under the NRS, a stockholder is entitled to dissent from, and obtain payment for, the fair value of the stockholder’s shares in the event of (i) certain acquisitions of a controlling interest in the corporation, (ii) consummation of a plan of merger, if approval by the stockholders is required for the merger, regardless of whether the stockholder is entitled to vote on the merger or if the domestic corporation is a subsidiary and is merged with its parent, or if the domestic corporation is a constituent entity in a merger pursuant to NRS 92A.133, (iii) consummation of a plan of conversion to which the corporation is a party, (iv) consummation of a plan of exchange in which the corporation is a party, (iv) any corporate action taken pursuant to a vote of the stockholders, if the articles of incorporation, bylaws or a resolution of the board of directors provides that voting or nonvoting stockholders are entitled to dissent and obtain payment for their shares, or (v) any corporate action to which the stockholder would be obligated, as a result of the corporate action, to accept money or scrip rather than receive a fraction of a share in exchange for the cancellation of all the stockholder’s outstanding shares, except where the stockholder would not be entitled to receive such payment pursuant to NRS 78.205, 78.2055 or 78.207. Also under the NRS, holders of covered securities (generally those that are listed on a national securities exchange), any shares traded in an organized market and held by at least 2,000 stockholders of record with a market value of at least $20,000,000, and any shares issued by an open-end management investment company registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940 and which may be redeemed at the option of the holder at net asset value, are generally not entitled to dissenter’s rights. However, this exception is not available if (i) the articles of incorporation of the corporation issuing the shares provide that such exception is not available, (ii) the resolution of the board of directors approving the plan of merger, conversion or exchange expressly provides otherwise or (iii) the holders of the class or series of stock are required by the terms of the corporate action to accept for the shares anything except cash, shares of stock or other securities as described in NRS 92A.390(3) or any combination thereof. The NRS prohibits a dissenting stockholder from voting their shares or receiving certain dividends or distributions after their dissent. As with the Delaware Charter and the Delaware Bylaws, the Nevada Charter and Nevada Bylaws do not provide for dissenter’s rights in addition to those provided by the NRS. The mechanics and timing procedures vary somewhat between Delaware and Nevada, but both require technical compliance with specific notice and payment protocols. SPECIAL MEETINGS OF THE STOCKHOLDERS The DGCL permits special meetings of stockholders to be called by the board of directors or by any other person authorized in the certificate of incorporation or bylaws to call a special stockholder meeting. The NRS permits special meetings of stockholders to be called by the entire board of directors, any two directors or the President, unless the articles of incorporation or bylaws provide otherwise. Currently, under the Delaware Charter and Bylaws, a special meeting of stockholders may be called by a majority vote of the board, the Chairman or by the Chief Executive Officer. Taking into consideration a balanced approach to stockholder rights, the Board determined to add an additional stockholder right to the Nevada Bylaws, providing holders of 25% or more of our stock with the right to call a special meeting of stockholders. MEETINGS PURSUANT TO PETITION OF STOCKHOLDERS The DGCL provides that a director or a stockholder of a corporation may apply to the Court of Chancery of Delaware if the corporation fails to hold an annual meeting for the election of directors or there is no written consent to elect directors in lieu of an annual meeting for a period of 30 days after the date designated for the annual meeting or, if there is no date designated, within 13 months after the last annual meeting. Under the NRS, stockholders having not less than 15% of the voting power may petition the district court to order a meeting for the election of directors if a corporation fails to call a meeting for that purpose within 18 months after the last meeting at which directors were elected. ADJOURNMENT OF STOCKHOLDER SPECIAL MEETINGS Under the DGCL, if a meeting of stockholders is adjourned due to lack of a quorum and the adjournment is for more than 30 days, or if after the adjournment a new record date is fixed for the adjourned meeting, notice of the adjourned meeting must be given to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at the meeting. At the adjourned meeting the corporation may transact any business that might have been transacted at the original meeting. In contrast, under the NRS, a corporation is not required to give any notice of an adjourned meeting or of the business to be transacted at an adjourned meeting, other than by announcement at the meeting at which the adjournment is taken, unless the board of directors of the corporation fixes a new record date for the adjourned meeting or the meeting date is adjourned to a date more than 60 days later than the date set for the original meeting, in which case a new record date must be fixed and notice given. DURATION OF PROXIES Under the DGCL, a proxy executed by a stockholder will remain valid for a period of three years, unless the proxy provides for a longer period. Under the NRS, a proxy is effective only for a period of six months, unless it is coupled with an interest or unless otherwise provided in the proxy, which duration may not exceed seven years. The NRS also provides for irrevocable proxies, without limitation on duration, in limited circumstances. QUORUM AND VOTING The DGCL provides that the certificate of incorporation and bylaws may establish quorum and voting requirements, but in no event shall a quorum consist of less than one-third of the shares entitled to vote. If the certificate of incorporation and bylaws are silent as to specific quorum and voting requirements: (a) a majority of the shares entitled to vote shall constitute a quorum at a meeting of stockholders; (b) in all matters other than the election of directors, the affirmative vote of the majority of shares present at the meeting and entitled to vote on the subject matter shall be the act of the stockholders; (c) directors shall be elected by a plurality of the votes of the shares present at the meeting and entitled to vote on the election of directors; and (d) where a separate vote by a class or series is required, a majority of the outstanding shares of such class or series shall constitute a quorum entitled to take action with respect to that vote on that matter and, in all matters other than the election of directors, the affirmative vote of the majority of shares of such class or series present at the meeting shall be the act of such class or series, or classes or series. A bylaw amendment adopted by stockholders which specifies the votes that shall be necessary for the election of directors shall not be further amended or repealed by the board. The Delaware Bylaws provide that (i) the holders of shares representing a majority of capital stock issued and entitled to vote thereat present in person or represented by proxy shall constitute a quorum at all meetings of the stockholders for the transaction of business, (ii) directors shall be elected by a majority of the votes cast for such director at any meeting where a quorum is present in an uncontested election or by a plurality of the votes cast in a contested election, and (iii) in an uncontested election of directors, any incumbent director who does not receive a majority of the votes cast will promptly tender their resignation to the board, which will then decide, after considering the recommendation of the corporate governance and nominating committee, whether to accept or reject the tendered resignation or take other action. The NRS provides that, unless the articles of incorporation or bylaws provide otherwise, a majority of the voting power of the corporation, present in person or by proxy at a meeting of stockholders (regardless of whether the proxy has authority to vote on any matter), constitutes a quorum for the transaction of business. Under the NRS, unless the articles of incorporation or bylaws provide for different proportions, action by the stockholders on a matter other than the election of directors is approved if the number of votes cast in favor of the action exceeds the number of votes cast in opposition to the action. Unless provided otherwise in the corporation’s articles of incorporation or bylaws, directors are elected at the annual meeting of stockholders by plurality vote. The Nevada Bylaws provide that unless otherwise required by law or the articles of incorporation of the Company, the holders of a majority of the voting power of the Company’s capital stock represented in person or by proxy shall constitute a quorum at all meetings of the stockholders for the transaction of business. The Nevada Bylaws provide except as otherwise provided by law, in the articles of incorporation or bylaws of the corporation, that action by the stockholders on a matter other than the election of directors is approved if the holders of a majority of the stock represented and entitled to vote at such meeting vote to approve the action. The Nevada Bylaws also provide that (i) directors shall be elected by a majority of the votes cast for such director at any meeting where a quorum is present in an uncontested election or by a plurality of the votes cast in a contested election, and (ii) in an uncontested election of directors, any incumbent director who does not receive a majority of the votes cast will promptly tender their resignation to the board, which will then decide, after considering the recommendation of the corporate governance and nominating committee, whether to accept or reject the tendered resignation or take other action. STOCKHOLDER INSPECTION RIGHTS The DGCL grants any stockholder or beneficial owner of shares the right, upon written demand under oath stating the proper purpose thereof, either in person or by attorney or other agent, to inspect and make copies and extracts from a corporation’s stock ledger, list of stockholders and its other books and records for any proper purpose. A proper purpose is one reasonably related to such person’s interest as a stockholder. Inspection rights under Nevada law are more limited. The NRS grants any person who has been a stockholder of record of a corporation for at least six months immediately preceding the demand, or any person holding, or thereunto authorized in writing by the holders of, at least 5% of all of its outstanding shares, upon at least five days’ written demand the right to inspect in person or by agent or attorney, during usual business hours (i) the articles of incorporation and all amendments thereto, (ii) the bylaws and all amendments thereto and (iii) a stock ledger or a duplicate stock ledger, revised annually, containing the names, alphabetically arranged, of all persons who are stockholders of the corporation, showing their places of residence, if known, and the number of shares held by them respectively. A Nevada corporation may require a stockholder to furnish the corporation with an affidavit that such inspection is for a proper purpose related to their interest as a stockholder of the corporation. In addition, the NRS grants certain stockholders the right to inspect the books of account and records of a corporation for any proper purpose. The right to inspect the books of account and financial statements of a corporation, to make copies of records and to conduct an audit of such records is granted only to a stockholder who owns at least 15% of the issued and outstanding shares of a Nevada corporation, or who has been authorized in writing by the holders of at least 15% of such shares. In addition, the board of directors may condition such inspection on the stockholders exercising such rights to enter into and comply with a confidentiality agreement having such terms and scope as reasonably related to protecting the legitimate interests of the corporation. However, these requirements do not apply to any corporation that furnishes to its stockholders a detailed annual financial statement or any corporation that has filed during the preceding 12 months all reports required to be filed pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act. BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES Under Delaware law, the corporate opportunity doctrine holds that a corporate officer or director may not generally and unilaterally take a business opportunity for their own if: (i) the corporation is financially able to exploit the opportunity; (ii) the opportunity is within the corporation’s line of business; (iii) the corporation has an interest or expectancy in the opportunity; and (iv) by taking the opportunity for their own, the corporate fiduciary will thereby be placed in a position inimical to his duties to the corporation. The DGCL permits a Delaware corporation to renounce, in its certificate of incorporation or by action of the board of directors, any interest or expectancy of the corporation in, or being offered an opportunity to participate in, specified business opportunities or specified classes or categories of business opportunities that are presented to the corporation or one or more of its officers, directors or stockholders. Similar to the DGCL, the NRS permits a Nevada corporation to renounce, in its articles of incorporation or by action of the board of directors, any interest or expectancy to participate in specified business opportunities or specified classes or categories of business opportunities that are presented to the corporation or one or more of its officers, directors or stockholders. The Nevada Charter contains a substantially similar provision with regard to the renunciation of corporate opportunities with regard to F&G Annuities & Life, Inc., as was in the Delaware Charter with regard to Fidelity National Services Information, Inc. OTHER CONSIDERATIONS POTENTIAL RISKS AND DISADVANTAGES OF THE REDOMESTICATION Because of Delaware’s prominence as a state of incorporation for many large corporations, the Delaware courts have developed considerable expertise in dealing with corporate issues and a substantial body of case law has developed construing Delaware law and establishing public policies with respect to Delaware corporations. While Nevada also has encouraged incorporation in that state and has adopted comprehensive, modern and flexible statutes that it periodically updates and revises to meet changing business needs, Nevada case law concerning the application of its statutes and regulations is not as developed to date. As a result, to the extent Nevada’s statutes do not provide a clear answer and a Nevada court must make a determination about issues concerning the Company’s governance without clear guidance or precedent, the Company and its stockholders may experience less predictability with respect to whether certain corporate decisions or transactions are proper and/or the extent to which stockholders maintain the right to challenge such decisions or transactions. Recent Nevada Supreme Court cases such as Wynn Resorts v. Eighth Judicial Dist. Court, 399 P.3d 334 (Nev. 2017), Chur v. Eighth Judicial District Court, 458 P.3d 336 (Nev. 2020), and Guzman v. Johnson, 483 P.3d 531 (Nev. 2021), have emphasized application of the plain meaning of the statutes enacted by the Nevada Legislature, which is consistent with the directive of NRS 78.012(3): “The plain meaning of the laws enacted by the Legislature . . . including, without limitation, the fiduciary duties and liability of the directors and officers of a [Nevada] corporation set forth in NRS 78.138 and 78.139, must not be supplanted or modified by laws or judicial decisions from any other jurisdiction.” However, that same statute expressly provides that directors and officers of Nevada corporations “may be informed by the laws and judicial decisions of other jurisdictions and the practices observed by business entities in any such jurisdiction” without such actions constituting or indicating a breach of fiduciary duty. Further, in the absence of Nevada law, Nevada courts have historically looked to Delaware law for guidance. See, e.g., Brown v. Kinross Gold U.S.A., Inc., 531 F. Supp. 2d 1234, 1245 (D. Nev. 2008) (“the Nevada Supreme Court frequently looks to the Delaware Supreme Court and the Delaware Courts of Chancery as persuasive authorities on questions of corporation law”). Thus, it is possible that a Nevada court could reach a similar conclusion as the Delaware Court of Chancery in an area where the two jurisdictions have similar laws, or in an instance where Nevada law is silent but Delaware has addressed the issue. Also, underwriters and other members of the financial services industry may be less willing and able to assist the Company with capital-raising programs because they might perceive Nevada’s laws as being less flexible or developed than those of Delaware. Certain investment funds, sophisticated investors and brokerage firms may likewise be less comfortable and less willing to invest in a corporation incorporated in a jurisdiction other than Delaware, whose corporate laws may be less understood or perceived to be less responsive to stockholder rights or demands. The Company will also incur certain non-recurring costs in connection with the Redomestication, including legal and other transaction costs. A majority of these costs have already been incurred or will be incurred regardless of whether the Redomestication is ultimately approved and completed. Many of the expenses that will be incurred are difficult to accurately estimate at the present time, and additional unanticipated costs may be incurred in connection with the Redomestication. REGULATORY MATTERS The consummation of the Redomestication requires the filing of the Articles of Conversion and the Nevada Charter with the office of the Nevada Secretary of State and the Certificate of Conversion with the Office of the Secretary of State in Delaware. No other regulatory or governmental approvals or consents will be required in connection with the Redomestication. NO APPRAISAL RIGHTS Under the DGCL, holders of our common stock are not entitled to appraisal rights based on the Redomestication described in this Proposal. NO EXCHANGE OF STOCK CERTIFICATES REQUIRED Stockholders will not have to exchange their existing stock certificates for new stock certificates. NO MATERIAL ACCOUNTING IMPLICATIONS Effecting the Redomestication will not have any material accounting implications for the Company. CERTAIN FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES The following discussion summarizes certain U.S. federal income tax consequences of the Redomestication to holders of the shares of our common stock of the Delaware Corporation (the Delaware Common Stock), each of which shares will be converted into one outstanding share of common stock of the Nevada Corporation (the Nevada Common Stock) in connection with the Redomestication. No ruling will be sought from the Internal Revenue Service (the IRS) with respect to the U.S. federal income tax consequences of the Redomestication, and no assurance can be given that the IRS will not take a contrary position to the U.S. federal income tax consequences described below or that any such contrary position will not be sustained by a court. This discussion is based on the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the Code), applicable Treasury regulations promulgated or proposed thereunder (collectively, the Treasury Regulations), judicial authority, and administrative rulings and practice, all as in effect as of the date of this proxy statement, and all of which are subject to change at any time, possibly with retroactive effect. Any such change could materially affect the accuracy of the statements and conclusions set forth in this discussion. This discussion is limited to holders of the Delaware Common Stock that are U.S. holders (as defined below) and that hold their shares of common stock as capital assets, within the meaning of Section 1221 of the Code. Further, this discussion does not discuss all tax considerations that may be relevant to holders of the Delaware Common Stock in light of their particular circumstances (including without limitation the Medicare tax imposed on net investment income and the alternative minimum tax), nor does it address any tax consequences to holders subject to special treatment under the U.S. federal income tax laws, including, without limitation, tax-exempt entities, partnerships or other pass-through entities for U.S. federal income tax purposes (and investors therein), mutual funds, real estate investment trusts, regulated investment companies, holders that acquired their shares of common stock pursuant to the exercise of employee stock options or otherwise as compensation, banks and other financial institutions, insurance companies, brokers, dealers or traders in securities, U.S. holders (as defined below) that have a functional currency other than the U.S. dollar, U.S. expatriates and former citizens or former long-term residents of the U.S., persons subject to the alternative minimum tax, person subject to the alternative minimum tax, non-U.S. persons, and holders that hold Delaware Common Stock as part of a straddle, hedge, conversion, constructive sale, synthetic security, integrated investment, or other risk-reduction transaction for U.S. federal income tax purposes. This discussion also does not address any potential consequences of any alternative minimum tax or U.S. federal estate, gift, or other non-income taxes, or of any state, local, or foreign taxes. ALL HOLDERS OF THE DELAWARE COMMON STOCK ARE URGED TO CONSULT THEIR TAX ADVISORS AS TO ANY POTENTIAL SPECIFIC TAX CONSEQUENCES TO THEM OF THE REDOMESTICATION, INCLUDING ANY APPLICABLE U.S. FEDERAL, STATE, LOCAL, OR FOREIGN TAX CONSEQUENCES. For purposes of this section, a “U.S. holder” is a beneficial owner of the Delaware Common Stock that is, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, (i) an individual that is a citizen or resident of the United States; (ii) a corporation, or other entity taxable as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes, created or organized under the laws of the United States or any state or political subdivision thereof; (iii) an estate, the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source; or (iv) a trust, if (a) a court within the United States is able to exercise primary jurisdiction over its administration and one or more U.S. persons have the authority to control all of its substantial decisions, or (b) it has a valid election in place under applicable Treasury Regulations to be treated as a U.S. person. If a partnership (including any entity or arrangement treated as partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes) holds shares of the Delaware Common Stock, the tax treatment of a partner in the partnership will generally depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. A partner in a partnership holding shares of the Delaware Common Stock should consult its tax advisor regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences of the Redomestication. TREATMENT OF THE REDOMESTICATION Subject to the caveats and qualifications noted above, we intend the Redomestication, under U.S. federal income tax law, to qualify as a tax-free “reorganization” within the meaning of Section 368(a)(1) (F) of the Code. Assuming the Redomestication qualifies as a “reorganization” within the meaning of Section 368(a)(1)(F) of the Code, then, for U.S. federal income tax purposes: Stockholders that have acquired different blocks of the Delaware Common Stock at different times or at different prices, and whose blocks of such common stock are converted into shares of Nevada Common Stock in connection with the Redomestication, should consult their tax advisors regarding the allocation of their aggregate tax basis among, and the holding period of, such shares of the Nevada Common Stock. INFORMATION REPORTING A U.S. holder of the Delaware Common Stock that owns at least 5% of the outstanding stock of the Company (by vote or value) immediately before the Redomestication will generally be required to attach to such holder’s U.S. federal income tax return for the year in which the Redomestication occurs a statement setting forth certain information relating to the Redomestication, including the aggregate fair market value and tax basis of the stock of such holder converted in connection with the Redomestication. Holders of the Delaware Common Stock should consult their tax advisors to determine whether they are required to provide the foregoing statement. THE PRECEDING DISCUSSION IS INTENDED FOR INFORMATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY AND IS NOT INTENDED TO BE, NOR SHOULD IT BE CONSTRUED TO BE, LEGAL OR TAX ADVICE. FURTHER, IT IS NOT A COMPLETE ANALYSIS OR DISCUSSION OF ALL POTENTIAL TAX EFFECTS THAT MAY BE IMPORTANT TO A SPECIFIC HOLDER OF DELAWARE COMMON STOCK. THUS, ALL HOLDERS OF DELAWARE COMMON STOCK ARE STRONGLY ENCOURAGED TO CONSULT YOUR TAX ADVISOR AS TO THE SPECIFIC TAX CONSEQUENCES RESULTING FROM THE REDOMESTICATION, INCLUDING TAX RETURN REPORTING REQUIREMENTS, THE APPLICABILITY AND EFFECT OF THE ALTERNATIVE MINIMUM TAX AND ANY FEDERAL, STATE, LOCAL, FOREIGN, AND OTHER TAX LAWS AND THE EFFECT OF ANY PROPOSED CHANGES IN THE TAX LAWS. ANTI-TAKEOVER IMPLICATIONS OF THE REDOMESTICATION The Redomestication is not being effected to prevent a change in control, nor is it in response to any present attempt known to our Board to acquire control of the Company or to obtain representation on the Board. Nevertheless, certain effects of the Redomestication may be considered to have anti-takeover implications by virtue of being subject to Nevada law. Delaware law and the Delaware Charter and Delaware Bylaws contain provisions that may have the effect of deterring hostile takeover attempts. A hostile takeover attempt may have a positive or negative effect on the Company and its stockholders, depending on the circumstances surrounding a particular takeover attempt. Takeover attempts that have not been negotiated or approved by a board can be opportunistically timed to take advantage of an artificially depressed stock price. Takeover attempts can also be coercively structured, can disrupt the business and management of a corporation and can generally present a risk of terms that may be less favorable than would be available in a board-approved transaction. In contrast, board-approved transactions may be carefully planned and undertaken at an opportune time in order to obtain maximum value for the corporation and all of its stockholders by determining and pursuing the best strategic alternative, obtaining negotiating leverage to achieve the best terms available, and giving due consideration to matters such as tax planning, the management and business of the acquiring corporation and the most effective deployment of corporate assets. The Board recognizes that hostile takeover attempts do not always have the unfavorable consequences or effects described above and may be beneficial to stockholders, providing them with considerable value for their shares. However, the Board believes that the potential disadvantages of unapproved takeover attempts are sufficiently great that prudent measures are needed to give the Board the time and flexibility to determine and pursue potentially superior strategic alternatives and take other appropriate action in an effort to maximize stockholder value. Accordingly, the Delaware Charter and Delaware Bylaws include certain provisions that are intended to accomplish these objectives, but which may have the effect of discouraging or deterring hostile takeover attempts. Nevada law includes some features that may deter hostile takeover attempts. The Nevada Charter contains certain anti-takeover provisions similar to those set forth in the Delaware Charter; both the Delaware Charter and Nevada Charter allow the Board alone to fill any directorship vacancies. Notwithstanding these similarities, there are several differences between Nevada and Delaware law and between the governing documents of the Delaware Corporation and the Nevada Corporation which could have a bearing on unapproved takeover attempts. For example, the Delaware Charter allows the stockholders to remove the directors only for cause by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding stock entitled to vote generally in the election of directors, whereas the Nevada Charter provides that directors can be removed with or without cause, by not less than two-thirds of the voting power of the issued and outstanding shares of the class that elected such director and which are entitled to vote at the meeting, which is the lowest voting standard for removing a director permitted under the NRS. The Board may in the future propose other measures designed to address hostile takeovers apart from those discussed in this proxy statement, if warranted from time to time in the judgment of the Board. REQUIRED VOTE We ask our stockholders to approve the Redomestication and the adoption of the Redomestication Resolution. This proposal requires the affirmative vote of a majority of the shares of our common stock outstanding and entitled to vote thereon. THE BOARD RECOMMENDS THAT STOCKHOLDERS VOTE “FOR” THE APPROVAL OF THE REDOMESTICATION AND THE ADOPTION OF THE REDOMESTICATION RESOLUTION. CERTAIN INFORMATION ABOUT OUR EXECUTIVE OFFICERSPROPOSAL NO. 2: APPROVAL OF REDOMESTICATION OF FIDELITY NATIONAL FINANCIAL, INC. FROM THE STATE OF DELAWARE TO THE STATE OF NEVADA ◾ We anticipate tax savings of close to $250,000. As discussed below, for Fiscal 2023, we paid approximately $250,000 in Delaware franchise taxes. We anticipate that, if we remain a Delaware Corporation, for Fiscal 2024, our Delaware franchise taxes will be approximately the same as 2023 (based on our current capital structure and assets). By comparison, if we redomesticate in Nevada, our current annual fees will consist of an annual Nevada state business license fee of $500, and the current fee for filing the Company’s annual list of directors and officers, based on the number of authorized shares and their par value, would equal to $400. Fidelity National Financial, Inc. 32 ◾ Potential cost savings in D&O insurance premiums from reduced litigation and litigation costs, including attorneys’ fees, which can be significant for corporate litigation. For example, as discussed further below, the Company’s D&O premium increased when renewed (in part, due to the F&G derivative litigation) from approximately $3.68 million in 2021-2022, to approximately, $4.87 million in 2022-2023. ◾ In addition, the Board believes that in recent years there has been an increased risk of opportunistic litigation for Delaware public companies, which has made Delaware a less attractive place of incorporation due to the substantial costs associated with defending against such suits. These costs are often borne by the Company’s stockholders through, among other things, indemnification obligations, distraction to Company management and employees, and increased insurance premiums. ◾ As a Delaware Corporation, we currently have adopted the following best practices which will continue at the Nevada Corporation: o Majority of independent directors, and entirely independent key committees o Majority voting in election of directors with a resignation policy o Strong lead independent director o No exclusive forum o Proxy access o Stockholders may act by written consent o No dual class o Annual say-on-pay vote ◾ If the Redomestication is approved we will also enhance stockholder rights and benefits as follows: 33 Fidelity National Financial, Inc. o The Nevada Bylaws will provide that holders of 25% or more of the voting power of our capital stock will be able to request that the Company call a special meeting of stockholders, where currently only the Chairman, the Chief Executive Officer, the President or the Board may do so. o Nevada law and the Nevada Bylaws will provide our stockholder the ability to remove directors without cause, where currently our stockholders may only remove directors for cause. Fidelity National Financial, Inc. 34 35 Fidelity National Financial, Inc. Fidelity National Financial, Inc. 36 37 Fidelity National Financial, Inc. Fidelity National Financial, Inc. 38 39 Fidelity National Financial, Inc. Fidelity National Financial, Inc. 40 41 Fidelity National Financial, Inc. Provision Delaware Nevada Charter Regarding Limitation of Liability The Delaware Charter provides that, to the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL, a director of the Company shall not be liable to the Company or its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director, except (a) for any breach of the director’s duty of loyalty to the corporation or its stockholders; (b) for acts or omissions not in good faith or involving intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law; (c) for the payment of unlawful dividends, stock repurchases or redemptions; or (d) for any transaction in which the director received an improper personal benefit. The Nevada Charter provides that, to the fullest extent permitted by the NRS, the liability of directors and officers of the Company shall be eliminated or limited. Note that, under the NRS, this provision does not exclude exculpation for breaches of duty of loyalty and covers both directors and officers. Charter Regarding Indemnitee’s Right to Advanced Payment of Expenses The Delaware Charter does not specify whether an indemnitee’s right to advanced payment of expenses related to a proceeding is subject to the satisfaction of any standard of conduct nor is it conditioned upon any prior determination that the indemnitee is entitled to indemnification with respect to the related proceeding (or the absence of any prior determination to the contrary). The Nevada Charter does not specify whether an indemnitee’s right to advanced payment of expenses related to a proceeding is subject to the satisfaction of any standard of conduct nor is it conditioned upon any prior determination that the indemnitee is entitled to indemnification with respect to the related proceeding (or the absence of any prior determination to the contrary). Charter Regarding Forum Adjudication for Disputes The Delaware Charter does not specify the forum for adjudication of disputes. The Nevada Charter does not specify the forum for adjudication of disputes. Charter Regarding Stockholder Ability to Call Special Meeting Under the Delaware Charter and the Delaware Bylaws, a special meeting of stockholders may be called by a majority vote of the board, the Chairman or by the Chief Executive Officer. The Nevada Bylaws provide that holders of 25% or more of the voting power of our capital stock will be able to request that the Company call a special meeting of stockholders. Classified Board The Delaware Charter provides that directors shall be divided into three classes, each serving for terms of three years. The Nevada Charter and the Nevada Bylaws provide that directors shall be divided into three classes, each serving for terms of three years. Fidelity National Financial, Inc. 42 Provision Delaware Nevada Removal of Directors The Delaware Charter provides that any director or the entire board may be removed from office at any time, but only for cause and only by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding capital stock of the Corporation then entitled to vote generally in the election of directors. The Nevada Bylaws provide that any director or the entire board may at any time be removed, with or without cause, by the vote, either in person or represented by proxy, of not less than two-thirds of the voting power generally in the election of directors, which is the lowest permitted voting threshold for removal of a director under the NRS. Bylaws Regarding Proxies Under the DGCL, no proxy authorized by a stockholder shall be valid after three years from the date of its execution unless the proxy provides for a longer period. Under the NRS, proxies are valid for six months from the date of creation unless the proxy provides for a longer period of up to seven years. Bylaws Regarding Advance Notice The DGCL does not have a statutory advance notice requirement, but a Delaware corporation is permitted to set forth such requirements in its bylaws. The Delaware Bylaws provide that advance notice of not less than 120 days prior to the first anniversary of the Company’s preceding year’s annual meeting must be received. The NRS does not have any statutory advance notice requirements, but a Nevada corporation is permitted to set forth such requirements in its bylaws. The Nevada Bylaws provide that the same advance notice of not less than 120 days prior to the first anniversary of the Company’s preceding year’s annual meeting must be received. Bylaws Regarding Proxy Access The Company has adopted a proxy access bylaw that provides that certain eligible stockholders may propose a limited number of nominees for inclusion in the Company’s proxy statement, subject to the limitations provided for in such bylaw. The Nevada Bylaws have a similar proxy access bylaw. Bylaws Regarding Annual Meetings of Stockholders The Delaware Bylaws provide that annual meeting of stockholders for the election of directors and for the transaction of such other business as may properly come before the meeting shall be held at such time and date as shall be designated from time to time by the board. The Nevada Bylaws provide that annual meeting of shareholders for the election of directors and for the transaction of such other business as may properly come before the meeting shall be held at such time and date as shall be designated from time to time by the board. Bylaws Regarding Quorum The Delaware Bylaws provide that holders of a majority of the capital stock issued and entitled to vote thereat, present in person or represented by proxy shall constitute a quorum at all meetings of the stockholders for the transaction of business. The Nevada Bylaws provide that a majority of the voting power, which includes the voting power that is present in person or by proxy, regardless of whether the proxy has authority to vote on any matter constitutes a quorum for the transaction of business. 43 Fidelity National Financial, Inc. Provision Delaware Nevada Bylaws Regarding Conduct of Stockholder Meetings The Delaware Bylaws provide that the meetings of stockholders shall be presided over by the Chairman of the board, or if they are not present, by the Vice-Chairman, or if there is none, by the Chief Executive Officer, or in the absence of the Chief Executive Officer, the President. The Secretary will act as secretary of the meeting, but in the Secretary’s absence, and the absence of any Assistant Secretary, then the board, the Chief Executive Officer or the President may choose another officer to act as secretary of the meeting. If the Chairman determines that business was not properly brought before the meeting in accordance with the procedures set forth in the bylaws, the Chairman shall declare to the meeting that the business was not property brought before the meeting and such business shall not be discussed or transacted. The Nevada Bylaws provide that the meetings of stockholders shall be presided over by the Chair of the board, or if they are not present, by the Vice Chair, or if there is none, by the Chief Executive Officer, or in the absence of the Chief Executive Officer, the President, or in the absence of the President, or, in the absence of any of the foregoing persons, by a chair designated by the board or by a chair chosen by the stockholders. The Secretary will act as secretary of the meeting, but in the Secretary’s absence, and the absence of any Assistant Secretary, the chair of the meeting may appoint another officer to act as secretary of the meeting.
The board may adopt by resolution guidelines and procedures as it may deem appropriate for the conduct of any meeting of stockholders, including guidelines on stockholder participation by remote communication.
The chair of any meeting of stockholders shall have the authority to convene, recess and/or adjourn the meeting, to prescribe such rules, regulations, and procedures and to do all such acts as are appropriate for the proper conduct of the meeting. The chairman, in addition to making any other determinations that may be appropriate to the conduct of the meeting, shall determine whether a matter or business was not properly brought before the meeting.Bylaws Regarding Officers The Delaware Bylaws provide that officers of the Company shall be chosen by the board and shall consist of a Chief Executive Officer, President and Secretary. The board, in its discretion may also appoint a Chairman or Vice-Chairman, a Chief Financial Officer, an Assistant Chief Financial Officer, a Controller, Treasurer, Assistant Treasurer and one or more Vice Presidents, Assistant Secretaries and other officers who shall have such authority and perform such duties as may be prescribed in such appointment. The Nevada Bylaws provide that officers of the Company shall be chosen by the board and shall include a Chief Executive Officer, President, Secretary, and Treasurer or their equivalents. The board, in its discretion may also appoint a Chair or Vice Chair, Chief Financial Officer, Assistant Chief Financial Officer, Controller, and one or more Vice Presidents, Assistant Treasurers and Assistant Secretaries, each of whom shall have such authority and perform such duties as may be prescribed by the board. Fidelity National Financial, Inc. 44 45 Fidelity National Financial, Inc. Fidelity National Financial, Inc. 46 47 Fidelity National Financial, Inc. Fidelity National Financial, Inc. 48 49 Fidelity National Financial, Inc. Fidelity National Financial, Inc. 50 51 Fidelity National Financial, Inc. Fidelity National Financial, Inc. 52 53 Fidelity National Financial, Inc. Fidelity National Financial, Inc. 54 55 Fidelity National Financial, Inc. Fidelity National Financial, Inc. 56 57 Fidelity National Financial, Inc. Fidelity National Financial, Inc. 58 59 Fidelity National Financial, Inc. Fidelity National Financial, Inc. 60 • no gain or loss will be recognized by, and no amount will be included in the income of, a holder of the Delaware Common Stock upon the conversion of such Delaware Common Stock into the Nevada Common Stock in connection with the Redomestication; • the aggregate tax basis of the shares of the Nevada Common Stock received by a holder of shares of the Delaware Common Stock in connection with the Redomestication will equal the aggregate tax basis of the shares of the Delaware Common Stock converted into such shares of the Nevada Common Stock; and • the holding period of the shares of the Nevada Common Stock received by a holder of the Delaware Common Stock in connection with the Redomestication will include the holding period of the Delaware Common Stock converted into such shares of the Nevada Common Stock. 61 Fidelity National Financial, Inc. Fidelity National Financial, Inc. 62
The executive officers of the Company are set forth in the table below, together with biographical information, except for Mr. Quirk, whose biographical information is included in this proxy statement under the section titled “Certain Information about our Directors–Information About the Director Nominees and Continuing Directors.”
Name | Position | Age |
Raymond R. Quirk | Executive Vice-Chairman | |
Michael J. Nolan | Chief Executive Officer | |
Anthony J. Park | Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer | |
Peter T. Sadowski | Executive Vice President and Chief Legal Officer | |
Michael L. Gravelle | Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary |
62 |
Michael J. Nolan.Mr. Nolan has served as Chief Executive Officer of the Company since February 2022 and previously served as President of the Company since January 2016. Mr. Nolan has also served on the board of directors of F&G since August 2020. He served as the Co-Chief Operating Officer from September 2015 until January 2016. Additionally, he has served as President of Eastern Operations for Fidelity National Title Group since January 2013 and Executive Vice President and Division Manager since May 2010. Previously, Mr. Nolan served in various executive and management positions, including Division Manager and Regional Manager from the time he joined FNF in 1983, with responsibilities for managing direct and agency operations for the Midwest and East Coast. Mr. Nolan also overseesCoast, as well as the Company’s operations in Canada, as well as IPX, Fidelity’s 1031 exchange company, and Fidelity Residential Solutions, Fidelity’s relocation company.
Roger Jewkes. Mr. Jewkes has served as Chief Operating Officer of FNF since January 2016business, LoanCare and served as Co-Chief Operating Officer from September 2015 to January 2016. Previously, he served as an Executive Vice President of FNF and was appointed to that position in 2001. Since joining FNF through an acquisition in 1987, Mr. Jewkes has served in several executive and operational management positions including President of Western Operations, Executive Vice President, Division Manager and Regional Manager, with responsibilities for managing a significant number of direct operations along with some ancillary companies held by FNF.ServiceLink.
Anthony J. Park.Mr. Park has served as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of FNF since October 2005. Prior to being appointed CFO of the Company, Mr. Park served as Controller and Assistant Controller of FNF from 1991 to 2000 and served as the Chief Accounting Officer of FNF from 2000 to 2005.
Peter T. Sadowski.Mr. Sadowski has served as Executive Vice President and Chief Legal Officer of FNF since 2008. Prior to that, Mr. Sadowski served as2008 and Executive Vice President and General Counsel of FNF since 1999.from 1999 until 2008. Mr. Sadowski has also served as Executive Vice President and Chief Legal Officer of Cannae since April 2017. Mr. Sadowski is a Trustee of the Folded Flag Foundation, and the Vegas Golden Knights Foundation and the Vegas Silver Knights Foundation.
Michael L. Gravelle.Mr. Gravelle has served as the Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary of FNF since January 2010. He has served as Corporate Secretary since April 2008. Mr. Gravelle joined FNF in 2003, serving as Senior Vice President. Mr. Gravelle joined
63 | Fidelity National Financial, Inc. | |
a subsidiary of FNF in 1993. Mr. Gravelle has also served as Executive Vice President and General Counsel of Black Knight, Inc. and its predecessors since January 2014, where he also served as Corporate Secretary from January 2014 until May 2018. Mr. Gravelle has also served as Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary of Cannae since April 2017. Mr. Gravelle also servespreviously served as Executive Vice President and General Counsel of Black Knight, Inc. and its predecessors from January 2014 until December 2023, where he also served as Corporate Secretary of FTAC since April 2020, and Austerlitz I and Austerlitz II since March 2021. Mr. Gravellefrom January 2014 until May 2018. He previously served as General Counsel and Corporate Secretary of AUS and ASZ from January 2021 through December 2022, of FTAC II from July 2020 through March 2021 and of FTAC from March 2020 to July 2021.
COMPENSATION DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
The following discussion and analysis of compensation programs should be read with the compensation tables and related disclosures that follow. This discussion contains forward-looking statements that are based on our current plans and expectations regarding future compensation programs. Compensation programs that we adopt in the future may differ materially from the programs summarized in this discussion. The following discussion may also contain statements regarding corporate performance targets and goals. These targets and goals are disclosed in the limited context of our compensation programs and should not be understood to be statements of management’s expectations or estimates of results or other guidance. We specifically caution investors not to apply these statements to other contexts.
In this compensation discussion and analysis, we provide an overview of our approach to compensating our named executive officers in 2021,2023, including the objectives of our compensation programs and the principles upon which our compensation programs and decisions are based. Our named executive officers, and their titles, in 20212023 were:
• | Michael J. Nolan, Chief Executive Officer |